...-A型气泡为冲出水面之水柱在降落的过程产生单一气泡；第二种-B型气泡为冲出水面之水柱在降落的过程产生一 涡流环 ( vortex ring )，其周围生成一环状排列的小气泡。第三种气泡则是水柱上方的水珠降落时所生成。
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vortex ring flow 涡环怜
vortex-ring cascade 涡环级联
anti-vortex ring 防涡圈
vortex ring effect 漩涡环效应
vortex ring state 涡环状态
rotor vortex ring 旋翼涡环
N a stable perturbation in a fluid that takes the form of a torus in which the flow rotates in the section of the torus so that the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the torus balances body forces. The best-known vortex ring is a smoke ring 涡环
To predict helicopter vortex ring state boundary is necessary for flight safety.
直升机涡环状态边界的确定对直升机飞行安全具有重要意义。
A reasonable criterion of vortex ring state boundary for helicopter is acquired based on model rotor tests.
通过模型旋翼试验得到了合理的直升机涡环边界判据，并由此计算得到了直升机通用涡环状态边界。
The results show that the interaction between a viscous vortex ring and a free surface is different from the inviscid one.
结果表明：由于粘性的存在，使得涡环与自由表面的相互作用与无粘情形相比有许多不同。
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