In this paper, the concept of the characteristic polynomial, the converse graph, the symmetrical closure and others are defined.
本文引入有向图的特征多项式、反图、对称闭包等概念。初步探讨它们与图的某些整体性质的关系。
The property of companion matrix is studied, and the method of calculating the characteristic polynomial of matrix with similar transformation is explained.
研究了友阵的性质，论述了用相似变换计算矩阵特征多项式的方法。
Since this simplified algorithm requires no computation of the characteristic polynomial of the controlled system, it makes the practical calculation convenient.
该算法不需要计算控制系统的特征多项式，因此给实际计算带来方便。
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