回顾自2005年来术中胆道镜诊断术前未能发现的胆总管下端肿瘤的典型病例。
Methods Review the classic cases which were diagnosticated distal bile duct tumors by intra-operative cholangioscopy since 2005.
肿瘤大部分位于胰腺，多有完整包膜，不伴有胆总管扩张。
The tumor was mainly located in the pancreas with complete capsule, no common bile duct dilatation was accompanied.
肿瘤大部分位于胰腺，多有完整包膜，不伴有胆总管和胰管扩张。
The tumor was mainly located in the pancreas with complete capsule, no common bile duct or pancreatic duct dilatation was accompanied.
胰头癌常使胰十二指肠动脉环向右移位，而十二指肠壶腹部肿瘤及胆总管下端肿瘤可将胰十二指肠动脉环向左推移。
Tumors of the pancreatic head pushed the pancreasduodenal arterial circle to the right, that of the duodenal ampullary and of common bile duct pushed the arterial circle to the right.
病变是指原发于左右肝管汇合部至胆总管下端的肝外胆管恶性肿瘤。
Is the primary hepatic duct convergence around common bile duct to the bottom of the Department of malignant extrahepatic bile duct.
病变是指原发于左右肝管汇合部至胆总管下端的肝外胆管恶性肿瘤。
Is the primary hepatic duct convergence around common bile duct to the bottom of the Department of malignant extrahepatic bile duct.
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