However, the quality, efficiency and effectiveness of these programmes has been undermined by a lack of adequate resources, an acute shortage of trained manpower, a severe lack of educational and other instructional materials, a shortage of learning spaces and insufficient motivation for teachers and literacy facilitators due to poor working conditions.

UNESCO: Integrated Intergenerational Literacy Project (IILP)

These troubles are made worse by a chronic shortage of manpower.

ECONOMIST: Britain's armed forces

He argues that there is a grave shortage of manpower, that Sunni officers have fled or been removed, and that large parts of the army are secretly reaching out the FSA to defect.

BBC: News - Syria analysis: Can Assad's army withstand growing pressure?

Western companies had a tremendous shortage of trained manpower, and we made them aware that we had a solution.

FORBES: The Next Hurdle For Indian IT

Narayana Murthy : While the pressure on Western corporations to leverage the power of technology has been mounting for years, it became acute in the late '90s, and there was a tremendous shortage of trained manpower to do the application-development work involved.

FORBES: The Next Hurdle For Indian IT