These connections held true even when other factors during childhood, like parenting, antisocial behavior early on, and socioeconomic status were taken out of the equation.

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"There may be many, many people who also have psychopathic tendencies and have similar scans, who don't do antisocial behavior, who don't rape and kill, " Brodie says.

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They found that a genotype conferring low levels of the enzyme monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), when combined with early child abuse, predisposed the individual to later antisocial behavior.

WSJ: Neurocriminology: Inside the Criminal Mind

The high-profile trial, and its lurid testimony, drove Jackson further down the path of antisocial behavior, turning him into a hermit almost on par with famed billionaire Howard Hughes.

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One pioneering study in 2002 by Avshalom Caspi and Terrie Moffitt of Duke University genotyped over 1, 000 individuals in a community in New Zealand and assessed their levels of antisocial behavior in adulthood.

WSJ: Neurocriminology: Inside the Criminal Mind

After analyzing data from 47 independent brain imaging studies, researchers found that the rule-breaking behavior common to people with antisocial, violent, and psychopathic tendencies may result partly from damage to the neural circuitry in the brain that underlies moral decision-making.

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