In effect, the bank now has a target range for short-term rates: the upper bound is the 1% refi rate and the lower bound is the rate the central bank pays on banks' deposits with it, currently 0.25%.
By adolescence, one-fourth of college-bound students rate themselves in the top 1% in their ability to get along with others, research shows.
The tariff ceiling for agriculture products is expected to drop to 10.8% from 13.2% and for manufactured goods it will go from 9.5% to 7.3% The final bound import rate will be in place on the date of entry into the WTO on most goods, with roughly 25% of future tariff cuts to be implemented three years later.
On the same basis, of course, America's rate is far too low (even a lower bound for the optimal rate would be a lot higher than 7 pence a litre).
China's growth rate is bound to slow in coming years as its working-age population starts to shrink and productivity growth declines.
Therefore, the controversy between proponents and opponents of flat-rate taxation is bound to continue at least until more conclusive evidence becomes available.
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The state and federal tax code are so laced with tax credits and exemptions that any base-broadening, rate-cutting reform is bound to raise taxes on someone.
Considering that quantitative easing is effectively the same as an interest rate cut below a zero bound, the yield curve is very steep even with 10-year yields just below 2%.
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The complication, of course, is that the federal funds rate is essentially at its lower bound, which means that we cannot do more simply by turning that dial further.
The instrument is implemented in the UK and US, where the central banks consider that there are risks of deflation and where the policy rate is constrained by the zero lower bound.
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The Bernanke Fed also extended the forward guidance for the federal funds rate to remain in the zero-bound to mid-2015, while announcing that Operation Twist would remain active at least through the end of the year.
The virtue of these policies in the current context is that they allow the Federal Reserve to continue to push down interest rates and ease credit conditions in a range of markets, despite the fact that the federal funds rate is close to its zero lower bound.
The Fed has already cut the federal funds rate to 1 percent, close to its lower bound of zero.
Culture, media and sport spokesman Baroness Garden of Frognal told him that "suppliers are paid the full commercial rate for their goods and services, and are bound by the 'no marketing rights' clauses in their contracts".
As for Sale, his strand rate of 94.4% is impossibly high and his miniscule 0.57 ERA is bound to rise, but he has notched two saves so far this month, and manager Ozzie Guillen has even named him the official closer, sort of.
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Solar energy has been the victim of its own success, growing at an annual rate of 254% between 2004 and 2008 according to NEF, creating a mini bubble that was bound to burst.
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