The cash took the form of either banknotes or a credit balance at the Federal Reserve bank that held the collateral.
Shadow banking includes lending by nonbank institutions such as trusts, which are lightly regulated investment companies, as well as forms of bank credit that are kept off official balance sheets.
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Similarly, I want to encourage you to think about expenditures in the context of the income that your investments can produce as opposed to the size of your bank balance (or your credit limit).
Even so companies may well have to draw on uncommitted credit facilities with banks, expanding the size of bank balance-sheets.
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On the other hand, corporate credit is cheap, though more of it is being financed by investors than bank balance sheets.
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No prizes for guessing why: with all the bad debt on bank and company balance sheets, few are in any mood for major credit expansion.
Germany was said to be more comfortable with this idea, since it didn't involve any central bank financing governments directly, and it would formally keep the credit risk off the balance sheet of the ECB.
Under this arrangement, the balance must be covered by the commercial bank or other lending institution extending credit to the USSR.
Earlier this year, in a survey by the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston in January 2010, nearly 45% of respondents said their unpaid credit card balance had declined in the past 12 months.
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The growing adoption rates of payment technologies by small-business owners might partially explain why credit demand for working capital from small firms remains stubbornly low, even as their balance sheets and credit-worthiness improve, according to Robb Hilson, head of Bank of America small-business segment.
In 2008, Ventas accelerated its balance sheet and liquidity improvement by raising equity, selling assets and increasing bank lines of credit.
Pay your balance in full and on time each month and then try applying for a regular bank credit card in 6-12 months.
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He used his deep knowledge of complex financial instruments he was part of a group at the bank that pioneered credit derivatives to steer the investment bank away from the mortgage-backed dross that destroyed others' balance-sheets.
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