Small changes to the voltage of the grid control large changes in the electron current flowing to the collector plate.
Mr Davis has come up with a blunt answer: he wants the state to control the grid.
Cyber-warfare has increasingly been waged against the computers that control the grid and other vital parts of our economy's electronic underbelly.
Other green initiatives included promoting fuel-efficient vehicles, rail transport, electricity grid improvements, and pollution control.
U.S. intelligence officials have grown increasingly alarmed about what they believe to be Chinese and Russian surveillance of computer systems that control the electric grid and other U.S. infrastructure.
Military men have been expressing their scepticism that bombing alone will either destroy Mr Hussein's secret weaponry or drive him from power: memories remain of the month-long, round-the-clock bombing campaign in 1991 that caused Iraqis extreme pain both then and later it destroyed the electrical grid and shut down sewage control and other essential services but did not make Mr Hussein withdraw from Kuwait or crack his power.
The energy generated is fed straight into the club's electricity control cabinet where a grid-tie inverter pumps energy back on to the grid.
The following March, security firm IOActive created a proof-of-concept exploit designed to spread from meter to meter and take control of a smart grid.
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The restructuring of the electricity sector has been repeatedly delayed, as competing interests fight over who will control power stations and the grid.
The bottom-left 4 x 4 pads represent drum sounds (touch the slider to scroll up and down through even more sounds), while the bottom-right quarter of the grid serves as a clip-length control (press and hold the first pad, tap the fourth for a four-bar loop, etc.).
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The end-to-end intelligence and dynamic control of the electricity across the grid has become the defining function of the smart grid.
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Now our enemies are also seeking the ability to sabotage our power grid, our financial institutions, our air traffic control systems.
Burnett, naturally, is a fan of deregulation and argues that it helps spawn innovative ways to control costs and rates, including smart grid technology.
President Obama warned that the country's enemies were "seeking the ability to sabotage our power grid, our financial institutions and our air traffic control systems".
The large power transformers, that control most the power flowing through the grid, are failing at an alarming rate, twice the rate as in 2001, and ten times the rate as in 1980.
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"Now our enemies are also seeking the ability to sabotage our power grid, our financial institutions, and our air traffic control systems, " he said.
The big bar below the grid of buttons disengages the autopilot and gives the pilot full control of the aircraft.
ABB, a Swiss-Swedish engineering giant, has also developed brainy software that tracks grid flows several times a second and feeds the information to control systems that can respond within a minute or so.
In 2009, this newspaper reported that the control systems for the U.S. electric power grid had been hacked and secret openings created so that the attacker could get back in with ease.
The UK was already supposed to be well on the way to making the grid smarter but the project has been delayed because of worries about the central control system.
OnStar will allow researchers to develop services such as demand-response that would allow drivers that sign up to let the utility control when their Volt is charged to minimize the impact on the grid in exchange for receiving a lower electricity rate or other incentives.
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As interoperability and cyber-security standards become increasingly established over the next year, it will be easier to pick winners and losers in the smart-grid space and perilous for multinationals to sit on the sidelines as their competitors corral control over a promising growth industry.
GE, which supplies the National Grid operator in the U.K., would dearly love to outfit the U.S. network with control software and thousands of sensors to report voltage and other information on a second-by-second basis.
The discussions center on whether utilities should relinquish control of their wires to third parties RTOs that would not discriminate against power generators or to allow the utilities to maintain control of their assets but to enforce strictly the laws that guarantee any qualifying entity equal access to the grid.
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