Issuers are scrambling to refinance into proper long-term bonds, or asking banks for letters of credit.
Big companies have plenty of banks willing to provide letters of credit or finance for accounts receivable.
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The central bank now insists that 80% of the value of new letters of credit must be paid up front.
The country's payments system has broken down, and many foreign banks will not accept Indonesian letters of credit, throttling trade.
Some noteworthy ideas are already being explored, such as multilateral guarantees for Indonesian letters of credit to keep trade going.
Big banks like his backstop billions of dollars of muni obligations with letters of credit that they may not want to renew.
And a guarantee for customers' letters of credit was introduced in October.
Letters of credit from deep-pocketed third parties come in handy, too.
Another concern: Trade financing is drying up, and exporters and importers around the world are having a harder time securing letters of credit, says Tiruchelvam.
The bank maintained accounts and provided letters of credit and financial services for Iranian front companies who were moving materials for and giving support to sanctioned activities.
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It takes at least a week for the Saudis to complete the paperwork necessary to ship oil to new customers, including arranging letters of credit and other financial details.
To keep borrowing costs from exploding, municipal borrowers sought big bank letters of credit as backstop guarantees on the shorter than they wanted variable-rate demand obligations they turned to.
Part of it funds the next round of letters of credit the manufacturer will use to ensure a steady supply of raw materials over the life of the supply contract.
The deal came despite a downturn in shipping , in part caused by banks' hesitation to issue the letters of credit that assure transactions between sellers and buyers of cargo.
With no prospect of credit to enable them to stay in business, and no one prepared to accept their letters of credit, many companies have nothing to repay their loans with.
Fitch believes a better measure of financing which includes letters of credit loans from Hong Kong and more of the credit from trust companies and similar firms could exceed 18 trillion yuan this year.
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Meanwhile, Olam has budgeted for margin calls on its derivative hedges and is helping clients with letters-of-credit problems by selling smaller lots on a cash basis.
In addition to the actions announced Monday, the IRS is sending more than 700 compliance letters to the rest of the credit counseling industry.
You might also be able to get letters of recommendation from these companies when you apply for credit.
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Last week, the agency sent letters warning three marketers of mobile apps that provide background checks that they might be violating the Fair Credit Reporting Act.
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