There was, however, a trickledown effect on taste which created a market for inferior art from the Low Countries.
It ended suddenly when German forces surged through the low countries, conquered France, and threw the British into the sea at Dunkirk.
More than 20 armored and mechanized Soviet divisions were poised only a few days' march from the Low Countries and the English Channel.
In the Low Countries, a pattern is discernible.
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Saint Servatius, responsible for spreading Catholicism to the Low Countries and a diplomat in the fourth century, is buried in the crypt and his relics (i.e. bits of his bone fragment) spookily feature in the basilica's treasury.
Illuminated manuscripts provided the ideal portable art form for a peripatetic court that moved regularly from its base in Dijon up through the Low Countries it had absorbed by marriage and conquest in the late 14th century.
Quantitative easing and its low interest rate byproduct has increased the global carry-trade out of low yielding countries and into higher yielding ones.
What began as an outsourcing of manufacturing to low cost countries has evolved as China and India have moved up the value-added manufacturing curve.
Without the management innovations and technology advancements that have been adopted by U.S. corporations even more jobs would have been lost to low wage countries.
With a carry, investors usually investment funds take money from low yielding countries like Japan and place it in high yielding countries like Brazil.
Companies like Whole Foods and Novo Nordisk (who created an innovative model to profitably provide diabetes drugs in low income countries like China) are my heroes in leading the way.
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Both recognize that in addition to foreign assistance, other development tools such as sound policies, private capital and trade are necessary to strengthen the economies of low income countries.
Committee staff briefed the press this morning on the ways Microsoft and Hewlett Packard, for example, are using the tax code and offshore entities to shift billions in net income to low tax countries.
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There are countries with extremely low fertility and extremely high levels of innovation (Hong Kong, Singapore), countries with a moderate level of fertility and moderate to high amounts of innovation (United States, Israel), and countries with both low fertility and low levels of innovation (Italy, Greece).
Conversely, we see the very low GDP growth countries on the right with very low returns.
High-tax countries invariably lag be-hind low-tax countries. n Property rights and the rule of law.
Many investors, especially in low interest rate countries like Japan, can borrow money at low cost and invest it in Brazilian local currency bonds that pay much higher yields for both short and long-dated bonds.
"For advanced countries, more imports today are coming from middle- and low-income countries, " says Matthew Slaughter of Dartmouth's Tuck School of Business, a former Bush White House adviser.
When prices are low, oil-rich countries welcome the low-cost, high-tech and well-capitalised oil firms.
Are those who want to impose import restrictions against countries with low labor standards willing to lift those restrictions against countries that start to pay decent wages?
Global trade brought us cheaper products, but it also allowed companies to hire in low-wage countries.
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One profitable factory after another has been shut down and moved to low-wage countries.
Hence, both assembly and parts-making for this pickup will be done in low-wage countries.
It is also offering Burma the same trade privileges that other low-income countries get.
Businesses in low-income countries struggle with twice the burden of regulation as those in high-income countries.
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The financial world craves the stability of low debt encumbered countries no matter how small.
It is no longer a manufacturing centre in competition with low-wage countries in the region.
Or recognizing the harm to low-lying countries that rising oceans will inevitably cause to all of us.
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Many low-income countries have less than one mental health specialist per one million population, according to the WHO.
Global trade brought us cheaper products, but it also meant that companies could locate overseas in low-wage countries.
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