Its passenger capacity of 45 million annually is one of the world's largest.
The order, for 57 carriages, will allow TfL to operate longer trains and increase passenger capacity on the London Overground network.
Campaigners said plans to increase passenger capacity at the airport would create too much traffic and noise and damage quality of life.
The 181-passenger capacity, Saturday-only train will leave Sheffield at 10:00 BST and arrive in Cleethorpes at 12:13 BST, after calling at Retford and Grimsby.
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The Franco-Dutch carrier has so far ordered 12 regular A380s, with a passenger capacity of 555, but a stretched version under consideration by Airbus would carry 656 people.
Complete with high ceilings and upscale retail shops, it increases the carrier's annual international passenger capacity into New York by more than 50%, to 13 million from 8.5 million.
That has blurred the line between express services and air freight, and led to increasing use by integrators of spare hold capacity on passenger planes.
With a maximum capacity of 1400 people, has eight passenger decks and 399 cabins.
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But higher passenger numbers are not translating into higher revenues-per-passenger, because of price wars and over-capacity.
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"I am announcing today a new approach to hand baggage security that will be introduced progressively as airports are ready to handle the extra capacity, so we can pass the benefits on to the passenger as quickly as possible, " she said.
Passenger revenue for the quarter was down 18% from last year on a 14% decrease in capacity, as United reduced flights on its heavily travelled Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes.
Passenger numbers at Cardiff Airport dropped by 200, 000 last year, with the airport blaming a cut in capacity by a low-cost airline and the ash cloud.
Rail-freight capacity will be more than doubled, from today's 20m tonnes a year to 52m, and passenger journeys shortened by 90 minutes.
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