The key is for athletes to learn their "optimal state for performance, " or the emotional and mental state that enables the best of their abilities to shine in performance, said mental conditioning coach and former triathlete Chris Janzen, whose practice focuses on unlocking "the clarity, mental strength and emotional endurance" to help athletes maximize their potential.

CNN: The highs and lows of the 2012 Olympic 'crying games'

They found that 39% of football players showed impaired performance on tests that measured planning abilities, compared to 13% in the other group of athletes.

BBC: 'Brain damage risk' from popular sports

And it said basic financial and performance data was lacking, hindering partnerships' abilities to display success in delivering aims.

BBC: RELATED BBC SITES

Sir Michael said the secret to boosting children's reading and writing abilities - and their overall academic performance - lay in getting things right when they were young.

BBC: Education & Family

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