Bear Stearns was second, with 10%, and Royal Bank of Scotland was third, with 9.2%.
Deutsche Bank sank 4.7%, Royal Bank of Scotland was down 4.2%, Barclays PLC was down 2.8%.
But state-backed banks Lloyds Banking Group and Royal Bank of Scotland both reported losses.
"These are extraordinary times, " said Royal Bank of Scotland economist Jacques Cailloux earlier on Wednesday.
Barclays shares closed down 25%, while Royal Bank of Scotland saw declines of more than 13%.
Take Royal Bank of Scotland, the bank that in 2008 needed Europe's biggest bail-out.
Barclays is in the Championship and Royal Bank of Scotland is in League One.
Ulster Bank, the third-largest bank in Ireland, is owned by Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS).
Investors in Citigroup and Royal Bank of Scotland have been all but wiped out.
Royal Bank of Scotland Group finished up 5.1%, despite initially starting with declines of around 2%.
The Royal Bank of Scotland was created in 1727, after the Bank of Scotland's monopoly lapsed.
The company's two main bank lenders are Royal Bank of Scotland and Lloyds Banking Group.
Such institutions may include Royal Bank of Scotland (NYSE: RBS) and Deutsche Bank (NYSE: DB).
Through its stake in Royal Bank of Scotland, it might become involved in a bid for NatWest.
Royal Bank of Scotland Group and Strategic Value Partners hold the remaining 25% in the Italian firm.
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This year those investors have included Bank of America, UBS, ING and the Royal Bank of Scotland.
Yet even by those standards his latest post, as chairman of Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS), is daunting.
Royal Bank of Scotland and Natwest customers were also unable to withdraw cash for several hours on Wednesday.
The Financial Services Authority report into the failure of the Royal Bank of Scotland has finally been released.
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Royal Bank of Scotland said its chairman and chief executive in China, Sherry Liu, resigned from her post.
Royal Bank of Scotland denied wrongdoing and recently suggested Mill Financial look to Gillett to recoup its losses.
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He said it would be hated by the biggest UK banks, Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) and Barclays.
The company said Barclays Bank and Royal Bank of Scotland had sold its loan facilities to American Greetings.
"I think they should be more worried, " says Jacques Cailloux, euro area economist with the Royal Bank of Scotland.
Geoffrey Dicks of Royal Bank of Scotland said that retailers had refrained from cutting prices in the pre-Christmas rush.
Later today, Royal Bank of Scotland is expected to say something broadly similar.
It said it had the support of its lender, Royal Bank of Scotland.
In London, Royal Bank of Scotland Group declined 2.2% and Barclays shed 2.1%.
London's iconic Grosvenor House hotel has been bought from the Royal Bank of Scotland by an Indian business group.
The Nationwide and the Royal Bank of Scotland said they would also participate.
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