The home-field advantage induces a systematic bias among financial regulators, especially on crucial issues and at crucial junctures.
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Another possible systematic bias might be that public health researchers start from position that alcohol is bad for you and bad for society.
The problem here is that Coldewey is pulling all of the criticisms into one net and calling the haul evidence of systematic bias.
As a result, mix models understate the value of advertising and overstate the value of price promotion, producing a systematic bias that favors price promotion over advertising.
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He added that as a former BBC Scotland news boss, he very rarely saw "deliberate bias" and he did not believe there was "systematic bias" at the BBC.
But even if fears of a systematic bias prove unfounded, the fuss about CPOs points to a broader problem for pollsters: the ever-increasing difficulty of persuading Americans to take part in political polls.
While it would be a formidable task to check every study Wagenaar et al. subsumed in their meta-analysis, a quick check to find out whether they included a study with a known systematic bias reveals the study included Chesson et al., a study by the Centers for Disease Control which claimed that increased beer taxes could reduce the rate of gonorrhea.
They are not the consequence of systematic attempts to bias election results.
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Compare this to persuasive evidence that Bryan Caplan brings to The Myth of the Rational Voter that people in general have a systematic anti-market bias.
And an article published last month in the Lancet, by Ties Boerma of the World Health Organisation and his colleagues, argues that the bias is systematic.
And worse, they did so by taking the raw data from one of the most widely cited systematic reviews (by Vartanian, of which Brownell was a co-author and which alleged industry bias).
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