Again, I am not trying to answer the question here of exactly what we are trying to accomplish with our tariff policy.
Germany has become a leader in solar and wind through public-private financing mechanisms to finance energy innovation as well as strong demand side policies, such as the solar feed-in tariff policy adopted by the government in 1991.
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The seven categories it studies include tax policy and administration, tariff and other barriers to trade, regulatory reform and education.
The villains of the Depression were the trade-killing, international-capital-flow-strangling Smoot-Hawley Tariff, an overly tight monetary policy and a catastrophic tax increase.
The government lobbied the World Bank, and the bank eventually changed its policy to allow the tariff and protect the local industry.
As a member of the West African Economic and Monetary Union, Senegal is working toward greater regional integration with a unified external tariff and a more stable monetary policy.
Yet Mercosur's tariff rise may not signal a fundamental policy shift.
Nor do they envisage a customs union, with a shared external tariff, since that would force either low- or high-tariff countries to make dramatic changes in economic policy.
If our energy policy goals are promotion of renewable energy, then the tariff is a partial obstacle.
If our energy policy goals are only to promote domestic renewable energy, then the tariff serves that purpose at the potential expense of taxpayers, consumers, and ethanol exporters.
It is simply an attempt to cut through the charges and countercharges on this tariff issue by various interest groups, and shed some light on the implications of the policy.
General Pinochet introduced unilateral tariff cuts, and the democratic governments of the centre-left that followed have continued the policy.
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