The sea offers space, a view to a distant horizon, a physical perspective less oppressive than hard-edged close-up urban architecture.
In terms of urban architecture, the river plays no role at all.
Dr Michael Mak, from the University of Newcastle in Australia, studies how feng shui can be used in urban design and architecture from what he calls a scientific stand point.
Rouse's malls in its fancy "planned communities" win breathless praise from architecture and urban planning critics.
But as land owners increasingly prize financial yield over urban heritage, the architecture is being lost.
In September 2010, architecture magazine Urban Realm described the town as a "bleak outpost".
Its college of Architecture and Urban Planning bears his name, as does a research institute at the medical school.
Good location-based services, he believes, will be integrated with architecture and urban design.
"Large, fast-growing cities like Los Angeles suddenly decant population out to smaller cities inland, " says Robert Bruegmann, a professor of architecture and urban planning at the University of Illinois.
As a specialist in architecture and urban planning, Mr Bandarin previously worked in both public and private institutions in the fields of built heritage, cultural heritage conservation, environmental heritage and cultural events, as well as architectural and urban design in developing countries.
Planning mistakes from the past, such as the Market building on the Green and the Trinity Centre car park, should be redeveloped with high quality contemporary architecture and urban landscaping that contributes to the cityscape, improves connectivity, and conveys civic ambition and pride.
Secondly, we should increase sustainability education for students of landscape architecture, architecture, and urban development.
There is also a browse-worthy bookshop with Scandinavia's largest selection of architecture, design and urban planning publications.
In architecture, and in urban spaces that undergo constant modification, a thing can grow and still remain instantly recognizable.
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In Athens, meanwhile, Oliaros is working to revive a troubled inner-city neighborhood known as Kerameikos-Metaxourgeio (KM), an urban-renewal initiative that involves architecture, art and local activism.
The process for creating the Audi Urban Future Initiative began when five emerging architecture firms were invited to Audi headquarters to imagine the city of 2030.
Around that time he was also reading A Pattern Language, by Christopher Alexander, an urban theorist who pushed for a new architecture that served various aspects of human behavior, rejecting the arbitrariness of present-day offerings.
The 13 youthful participants in the urban agriculture Challenge come from a wide range of different disciplines, including architecture, creative writing, economics and public health.
From its treehouse perspective, modern-day archaeologists and architecture enthusiasts can take in rooftop gardens, slices of gritty urban life and views of the Empire State Building and the Chrysler Building.
"The architecture reflected the times, " says Wu Jiang, an architect and former Shanghai urban-planning official whose grandfather was a U.S.-trained architect who worked in the city in the 1930s.
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