凯恩斯把它们称作“动物精神”(animal spirits)，认为这种精神在决定人们是否愿意冒险方面尤为重要。
Keynes called them animal spirits, and he thought they were especially important in determining people's willingness to take risks.
凯恩斯的天才——一种非常英式的天才——在于强调，我们不能把经济体系当成一出道德剧来对待，而是应该把它当成一种技术挑战。
Keynes's genius - a very English one - was to insist we should approach an economic system not as a morality play but as a technical challenge.
之后，从60年代起，美联储奉行凯恩斯理论，在白宫和国会的压力下，把降低失业率放在优先位置。
Then, from the 1960s the Fed adhered to Keynesian theories and was pressured by the White House and Congress to prioritise low unemployment.
人们经常把他成为“拉丁美洲的凯恩斯”，尽管二人的观点并非完全一致。
He was often talked of as "Latin America's Keynes", though the resemblance was only partial.
凯恩斯(John MaynardKeynes)在20世界40年代就意识到这一点，他提议建立一个全球性清帐银行，其目的是对顺差国家收取税额甚至把顺差充公。
This was recognised by John Maynard Keynes, who in the 1940s argued for a global clearing bank that would tax or even confiscate the excess earnings of surplus countries.
凯恩斯考虑了这两种可能性，但是他可能没太把它们当回事儿。
Keynes considered both of these possibilities, but perhaps he did not take them seriously enough.
相反，他把自己的观点都整合到了他的文章、演讲和书籍之中，这其中就包括一本论述论约翰·梅纳德·凯恩斯——这位对他的思考影响最大的经济学家的专著。
Instead, he pieced his views together in his essays, lectures and books, including one about John Maynard Keynes, the economist who most influenced his thinking.
旁白：华盛顿的凯恩斯主义者不是把经济看成自然力量，而是把它看成精密的仪器，而这仪器可以由象他们自己这样的技术统治论者来调谐。
NARRATOR: Washington's Keynesians saw the economy not as a force of nature but a sophisticated machine to be fine-tuned by technocrats like themselves.
中国所偏爱的货币提款权是把美元、欧元、日元混合作为国际货币基金组织的货币，这个观点最早是由凯恩斯提出来的。
China's preference: so-called Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) -a blend of the dollar, pound, yen and euro-the IMF currency first conceived by John Maynard Keynes.
所以我感觉到凯恩斯主义经济学把经济学的研究方向搞偏了，它研究的不是财富的创造。
So I feel Keynes economics to the research direction of economics have missed, it studies not wealth creation.
以历史为例，二次大战时，我们以布里斯班为一条线，把汤斯维尔、凯恩斯、达尔文和伯斯基本上看作是二级防卫区。
So historically for example, in World War II with the Brisbane line we saw that places like Townsville and Cairns, Darwin and Perth were essentially secondary defense areas, "he said."
以历史为例，二次大战时，我们以布里斯班为一条线，把汤斯维尔、凯恩斯、达尔文和伯斯基本上看作是二级防卫区。
So historically for example, in World War II with the Brisbane line we saw that places like Townsville and Cairns, Darwin and Perth were essentially secondary defense areas, "he said."
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