A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice.
第三个可以变更盐度的过程与海洋中冰的形成和融化有关。
The rapid melting of sea ice is a main reason that animals in the polar regions are most affected by even slight warming.
即使气温稍有升高，两极地区的动物也会受到影响，这主要是由海上冰层的快速融化造成的。
But the melting of sea ice as a result of rising global temperatures has made it more difficult for polar bears to hunt seals at sea, confining the bears to land.
但由于全球变暖，浮冰融化，在海上猎食也越来越困难，北极熊的捕猎场所也不得不转移到陆地上。
Satellite monitoring by the NSIDC in Boulder, Colorado, shows that the melting of sea ice has been unusually fast this year, with as much as 40, 000 sq km now disappearing daily.
美国冰雪数据中心在博尔德和科罗拉多州的卫星监测显示：今年海冰的融化速度异乎寻常地快，冰层以每天高达4万平方公里的速度在消失。
The forward movement, the melting at the base of the glacier where it meets the ocean, and waves and tidal action cause blocks of ice to break off and float out to sea.
冰川的向前移动，其底部与海洋接触处的融化，还有波浪和潮汐运动，导致冰块断裂，漂浮到海上。
"Climate change is accelerating beyond expectations," a joint statement said, pointing to factors including a retreat of Arctic sea ice in summer and melting of ice sheets on Greenland and Antarctica.
专家们在一份联合声明中称，“气候变化的加速度已经超过预期”，并指出包括北冰洋夏季冰面减少，以及格陵兰岛和南极冰床融化等状况。
The melting of an ice shelf, which is merely a floating projection into the sea, would not affect sea levels.
冰架仅仅是底部向海里突出的漂浮物，它的融化不影响海平面。
The fear is that melting ice, along with increased snow and rain, could reduce the density and salinity of the top layers of the sea, making them more buoyant.
人们担忧的是正在融化的冰和不断增加的雨雪可能降低海洋表层水体的密度和盐度，导致其更容易滞留在海洋表层。
Krill, the whales' main source of food, are threatened by higher ocean temperatures and melting sea ice around the Antarctic, which would in turn hurt the whales' chances of survival.
在南极地区，由于海洋温度的上升和海冰的融化，露脊鲸主要的食物来源南极磷虾受到了严重威胁，这反过来也危及到了鲸类的生存。
But if warming is occurring across a wider area than previously observed, that could increase the possibility of large ice shelves melting off the continent and changing sea levels around the world.
但是，如果气候变暖发生的范围在比先前观测到的范围更广，这将增加南极大陆大冰架融化的可能性，从而改变世界海平面。
The melting of Greenland's ice sheet is accelerating, threatening an increasing rise in sea levels.
格陵兰岛冰层的融化速度正在加快，可能导致海平面加速上升。
According to the World Wildlife Federation, the overall rise in temperatures is melting sea ice and dramatically reducing the scope of the penguins habitat.
根据世界野生物联盟了解到，温度的全面上升正在融化海洋里的冰川，并极大的减少了企鹅栖息地的范围。
Melting sea ice affects ecosystems and currents. It does not affect sea levels, because floating ice is already displacing water of a weight equal to its own.
融化的海冰影响着生态系统和水流，但它不影响海平面，因为浮冰已经置换了相同重量的水。
They understand that the greatest and least predictable effect will be the melting of the polar-ice sheets and the consequent rise in sea level.
他们也明白，最大和最不可预测的影响将是极地冰盖融化和随之而来的海平面上升。
The ice sheets at the poles can disintegrate rapidly once they start melting, and sea-level rises of a few meters per century are not unheard of.
地球两极的大冰原一旦开始融化就会快速地分解，而海平面每世纪升高几米也不是危言耸听。
The melting has been recorded since 1979; scientists put the annual net loss of ice and water from the ice sheet at 300-400 gigatonnes, which could hasten a sea level rise of catastrophic proportions.
自1979年以来，融冰已经记录在案；科学家们估计每年冰的净损失以及冰盖融水达300-400千兆吨，这有可能促使海平面上升、足以引发灾难。
Even if we could freeze-frame the atmosphere as it is today, sea levels would still rise by 25 metres, says the latest study into the effects of climate change on melting ice sheets.
一份关于气候变化影响冰盖融化的最新研究宣称，即使我们能让大气层一直维持在现今的状态，海平面仍将上升25米。
Greenland is the focus of many researchers trying to determine how much its melting ice may raise sea levels.
格陵兰是许多研究人员们关注的一个地方，他们试图确定有多少融冰可能使海平面提高。
Some studies suggest that the acceleration of melting ice in Greenland and Antarctica could soon destabilise their great ice sheets - causing sea levels to rise by several metres over a few decades.
有些研究证明，格陵兰岛和南极洲的融冰加速，可能很快会破坏它们的冰盖——在几十年内导致海平面上升几米。
Not only do melting snow and ice flow directly into the sea, they also form torrential under-ice streams that lubricate the passage of glaciers toward the ocean.
融化的冰雪不仅直接流入大海，还在冰下形成湍流，为冰川滑向海洋大开方便之门。
Global Warming is an event that could possibly cause melting of the polar ice caps, rising sea levels, raised temperatures, and widespread famine.
全球变暖可能使极地冰块融化、海平面上升、气温升高以及遍布饥荒。
Measurements from ice buoys show that indeed melting at the bottom of the sea ice has increased significantly in recent years.
冰浮筒的测定数据表明，最近几年海冰底部的融解确实大幅增长。
The finding adds to evidence of increased global warming in recent years and indicates that melting polar ice sheets are pushing sea levels higher, the authors report.
笔者写道新的发现为近年来全球气温升高增添了实证，它也预示着正在熔解的极地冰雪使得海平面越来越高。
Last week the scientists warned that a third of the world's polar bears could disappear in the next 40 years to melting Arctic sea ice.
科学家们上周警告称，随着北冰洋冰面的消融，全球三分之一的北极熊可能在未来40年内消失。
They found that sea ice, where polar bears spend much of their lives, is melting faster than experts predicted it would.
他们发现，海冰正在快速地融化，比专家预测的还要快，而北极熊一生中的大部分时间都是在海冰上度过的。
They found that sea ice, where polar bears spend much of their lives, is melting faster than experts predicted it would.
他们发现，海冰正在快速地融化，比专家预测的还要快，而北极熊一生中的大部分时间都是在海冰上度过的。
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