The global market turmoil was marked by a widespread retreat from "risk" or "carry" trades funded by borrowings in low-interest-rate currencies such as the Japanese yen or US dollar.

全球市场动荡之际，投资者普遍撤出以日元或美元等低利率货币借款提供资金支持的“风险”或“套利”交易。

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Under such contracts the exchange rate of the US dollar was required to be within 0.15 per cent of the reference rate, whereas for the HK dollar and Japanese yen, the permitted range was 1 per cent.

各银行挂牌的美元买卖汇率不得超过基准汇率上下0.15％，港币、日元买卖汇率不得超过基准汇率的1％。

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Under such contracts the exchange rate of the US dollar was required to be within 0.15 per cent of the reference rate, whereas for the HK dollar and Japanese yen, the permitted range was 1 per cent.

各银行挂牌的美元买卖汇率不得超过基准汇率上下0.15％，港币、日元买卖汇率不得超过基准汇率的1％。

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