In shipping area, neither the Hague Rules nor the Hague-Visby Rules has this concept.
在海上货物运输领域无论是《海牙规则》还是《维斯比规则》都没有实际承运人的概念。
Nowadays there are three international maritime conventions in the world, which are the Hague rules, the Visby rules and the Hamburg rules.
目前国际上在规范海上货物运输方面并存了三个公约，分别是海牙规则、维斯比规则和汉堡规则。
Hague rules can't be applied directly in our country's maritime trial including foreign elements. But, it can be applied indirectly as applicable law based a guide from conflict rules.
《海牙规则》在我国涉外海事审判中不能直接适用，但是，基于冲突规范的指引，《海牙规则》在我国可以作为准据法间接适用。
The coexistence of Hague Rules, Visby Rules, Hamburg Rules, as well as laws of carriage of goods by sea of different countries, has broken the unification of international laws in this field.
海牙规则、海牙—维斯比规则和汉堡规则的并存，加之各国制定各自的海上货物运输法律，导致了国际海上货物运输法律统一的局面分崩离析。
The coexistence of Hague Rules, Visby Rules, Hamburg Rules, as well as laws of carriage of goods by sea of different countries, has broken the unification of international laws in this field.
海牙规则、海牙—维斯比规则和汉堡规则的并存，加之各国制定各自的海上货物运输法律，导致了国际海上货物运输法律统一的局面分崩离析。
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