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They throw heraldry, they throw every kind of vestige of Old World culture and monarchy and aristocracy and civilization.
他们抛掉了世代相传的家徽,抛掉一切来自旧文明,和旧君主政体的痕迹,抛掉了贵族政治和文明
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Plato here seems to agree with Winston Churchill that democracy is the worst regime except for all the others.
柏拉图似乎与丘吉尔意味相投,认为民主若没有相较于其它的政体,将是最糟的一种。
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From the time they formed their republics until they were conquered by alien empires, the Greeks also rejected monarchy of any kind.
无论是在城邦共和国时期,还是在异国征服时期,希腊人一直排斥任何形式的君主政体
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It's in recognition of what we can think of as this time- honored historical irony that Milton writes such a memorable line, a wonderful line, in his sonnet on the new Presbyterian regime.
这刚好跟我们这次所想的相应-,这个令人尊敬的历史性讽刺，弥尔顿写得如此有纪念意义，如此绝妙，在十四行诗里，他所写的新长老派的政体。
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It seemed to be the regime that divided France least, what Gambetta called the nouvelles couches,or the new social strata, the new social strata,the middle classes,the petty bourgeois.
这看似是最不会导致法国分裂的政体,甘必大称它为新阶层,或新的社会阶层,中产阶级,小资产阶级
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But Amsterdam reflects this kind of primacy of the global economy, because it's such an important trading power, but also this federalist decentralized aspect that I've tried to describe.
但是当时的阿姆斯特丹反应了,一种全球化经济的趋势,因为它是非常重要的一股贸易势力,而联邦分权制的政体,正如我刚才说的,也是同等重要
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But nevertheless Aristotle gives extraordinary importance and attention to the forms or formalities that make up a regime.
但亚里士多德确实特别强调,形式或形态,在构建政体上的重要性。
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Rather in many ways he provides reasoned arguments for the strengths and weaknesses of several different regime types.
相对地，在许多方面,他提供了理性的辩论,关于多种不同政体类型的优劣。
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Those who embark on the quest for knowledge of the best regime may not return the same people that they were before.
那些开始追寻最优政体知识的人,可能最后,都完全地变了一个人。
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The matter the substance the material basis of a regime concerns its citizen body.
本质，政体的物质基础,是其公民本体最关心的。
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What the kind of regime that emerges along side the polis, is an aristocratic republic in which the noblemen have influence and power within the community by tradition and they are plural.
和城邦一同出现的政权制度,是一个贵族化的共和政体,贵族在城邦中依靠传统赋予他们的地位,发挥影响,拥有权力,他们的人数不止一个
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Notice in that sentence, he uses those Aristotelian terms, " "form" and "matter" that we spoke about in relation to the Aristotelian regime.
注意看这个句子，他使用那些亚里士多德式的词汇，“形式“和，“物质,那是在谈亚里士多德式政体时所见的词汇。
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It requires, for Machiavelli, the founding of regimes requires that kind of cold and cruel calculation.
对马奇亚维利而言，那需要政体的创建,需要那种冷酷与残忍的算计。
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Second he tells us the political scientist must consider what kind of regime will be best under less than optimal circumstances.
其次，他告诉我们政治科学家,必需考虑何种政体在,较不理想的情势下会仍会是最佳的一种；
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Second Aristotle understands the purpose of leisure when he says the end of the regime is peace and the purpose of peace is leisure.
再者，亚里士多德了解,安逸的目的,当他说政体的最终目的是和平,而和平的目的是安逸。
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His study of the regime that is to say the underlying constitutional principles that govern each order is what distinguishes Aristotle from the other social scientists.
他对政体的研究,也就是说,潜在且管理,每一种规范的宪法原则,即是让亚里士多德不同于,其它社会科学家的地方。
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Aristotle distinguishes between what he calls the matter and the form of the regime.
亚里士多德的区分,是他所谓的政体本质与形式。
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What a society finds most praiseworthy what it looks up to okay?
即社会觉得最可嘉,最值得敬重的政体？
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His examples are typically drawn from situations of human beings or polities in extremes where the very survival or independence of a society is at stake.
他的范例是,典型地取材自人类,或政体在极端下的处境,即当存活或一个社会的独立,已面临考验。
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Perhaps the oldest and most fundamental question that I wish to examine in the course ? of this semester is the question: what is a regime?
或许那些最古老与最基础的问题,也是我希望在本学期课堂上,探究的问题是，何谓政体？
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Isn't that a completely subjective judgment what one thinks is the best regime?
那不是完全主观的判断吗,什么是个人认为最优的政体？个？
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How does he distinguish the well-ordered ? regimes from the corrupt regimes?
他如何区别有条理管治的,政体与腐败的政体？
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The regime for him is not one branch of human activity among others it is the fundamental principle or ordering principle that makes all the others even possible.
对他而言,政体并非人类活动的一个分支,而是基本的原则,或说是指导原则,使所有其它学科化作可能,这就是为何。
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The ancients had a beautiful word or at least the Greeks had a beautiful word for this quest for this desire for knowledge of the best regime.
古人有一个美丽的字眼,至少希腊文有这么一个美丽的字眼,送给寻道者，追寻最优政体知识的欲望。
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Just like, you might say, the old regime in France, the old aristocratic society existing before the revolution, tended to produce a very different kind of soul, a very different kind of individual.
就像法国旧时的政体，存在革命之前的,旧时贵族社会，倾向于催化一种非常不同的灵魂，一种非常不同的个体。
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Or will the best regime be a large cosmopolitan ? order embracing all human beings " perhaps even a kind of universal League of Nations consisting of all free and equal men and women?
或者，最优的政体将会是一个,大型的国际秩序吗,拥抱全人类，或许是一种普遍性的“国联,结合了所有自由，平等的男女？
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But of course the best regime lacks actuality.
但当然最优的政体并不实际。
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The Netherlands also resisted absolutism, and the Dutch Republic remained the Dutch Republic; although, for reasons that we'll see later, the Dutch Republic ceases to be a great power in the 18th century.
荷兰抵制绝对统治的政体,保留了共合制,然而,后面我们将说到,荷兰共和国在十八世纪没落了
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Could Plato have imagined such a regime?
柏拉图想象过这样的政体吗？
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The term "regime" is a familiar one.
政体“是个熟悉的字眼。
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