So, empathy, caring, sympathy don't kick in, but instead there's the aggression unleashed at somebody and there has to be some level of surprise.

所以移情，关怀，同情没有发挥作用，反而是释放了别人的侵略情绪,还必须在一定程度上出人意料。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

It poses other kinds of difficulty, let's say; but in the case of fiction, in order to be engaged, in order to enter the hermeneutic circle properly, we need the element of surprise, as I say, as a way of distinguishing between fiction and nonfiction.

它的确带来了其它困难，我们可以这样说;,但是在读文学时，为了投入进去，为了合适地进入解释循环，我们需要“惊讶“这个元素，正如我所说，作为区分文学和非文学的一点。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

We don't have to worry about how you solve it, but it's problem in mathematics and the answer will be--surprise, it's going to be oscillating back and forth and that'll come out of the wash.

我们没必要去担心这个方程该怎么解,但这个数学问题的答案将会是令人惊讶的,弹簧会来回振荡,问题就迎刃而解了

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选