And this spin is an intrinsic quality of the electron, it's a property that is intrinsic in all particles, just like we would say mass is intrinsic or charge is intrinsic.

自旋是电子的本征量，它是所有粒子的本征性质，就像我们说质量是本征的或者电荷是本征的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So what that means is that we're limited in any atom to having two electrons per orbital, right, because for any orbital we can either have a spin up electron, a spin down electron, or both.

这意味着在一个原子内,每个轨道上可以有两个电子，对吧，因为对任何轨道,我们可以有自旋向上或者自选向下或者两者都有。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And that the fact that it split into two was telling them that there must be some new property to the electron, and what we call that now is either being spin up or spin down.

它能一分为二的,事实告诉我们,电子一定有某种新的性质，我们叫它自旋向上或者自旋向下。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

One way to think about it, if we want to use a classical analogy, which often helps to give us an idea of what's going on, is the spin of an electron, we can picture it rotating on its own axis.

如果我们用一个，经典的比喻来考虑它的话，这经常会帮助我们建立起一些概念，就是我们可以把电子的，自旋想象是它绕着轴自转。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

1/2 And we have the spin quantum number 2 as plus 1/2 for electron one, -1/2 and minus 1/2 for the electron two.

我们有自旋量子数,对于电子，我们有自旋量子数。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

But the reason that I like that analogy is that it points out a very important part of spin, and that's the idea that it's a description of the electron.

但我喜欢这个类比的原因是因为,它指出了自旋非常重要的一面，那就是它是一种电子的描述。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So we can completely describe an orbital with just using three quantum numbers, but we have this fourth quantum number that describes something about the electron that's required for now a complete description of the electron, and that's the idea of spin.

所以我们可以用３个,量子数完全刻画轨道，但我们有这第四个量子数,来完整的,描述电子，这就是自旋的概念。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选