And given this existence of this immaterial soul, it's a possibility, indeed a fair likelihood, hat we will survive our deaths.

鉴于它们的存在，这是可能的，也的确是有这样的可能性的，让我们能在死亡后继续存在。

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

But dualism doesn't so much offer the explanation typically as just say, "Well, maybe we'd be better off positing something immaterial."

但是二元论还没有给出,这样的解释,也许我们假设非物质的存在会好一些

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

But he could only wave his hands as to how this physical thing in the world could connect to an immaterial mind.

但他只能用挥手这样的动作,来展示现实的生理客体,是如何与无形心理相联系的

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

Is the mind to be understood in terms of this immaterial object, the soul? So are there two kinds of things?

难道心灵必须得被理解为,一种非物质客体,也就是灵魂吗,这两种东西是一样的吗

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

But if the soul is something immaterial, then that could continue to exist, even after the destruction of the body.

但如果灵魂是非物质的,那么它会继续存在,即便肉体已经被分解殆尽

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

One possible explanation, the dualist, that's the ghost of your mother, immaterial soul that she is, communicating to you while you're asleep.

一个可能的解释,二元论者会说,那是你妈妈的鬼魂,她是一个非物质的灵魂,在你睡觉的时候跟你交流

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

More specifically, dualists like Descartes struggle to explain how a physical body connects to an immaterial soul.

更进一步,像笛卡尔一样的二元论者努力想要解释,生理客体是如何与无形心灵相联系的

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

All right. We've been talking about arguments that might give us reason to believe in the existence of an immaterial soul.

我们已经讨论了,那些让我们相信,灵魂存在的论证

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

So physicalists do not believe in any immaterial object above and beyond the body that's part of a person.

所以物理主义者不相信,任何超越肉体的非物质实体的存在

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

Doesn't it follow that a soul, an immaterial entity, can't be destroyed by a material, physical process?

而灵魂这种,无形的实体,是否会遵循这个规律被物质,也就是物理过程摧毁呢

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

The dualist position is that the mind is a soul and the soul is an immaterial object.

二元论认为心灵就是灵魂,而灵魂是一种非物质实体

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

When I use the word "Soul," I'm going to have in mind this dualist view according to which the soul is something immaterial, nonphysical.

当我用"灵魂"这个词时,我会采用二元论思路,因为他们认为,灵魂是非物质,非物理的

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

After all, if the soul is an immaterial object, can immaterial objects have locations?

归根结底,如果灵魂是个非物质的东西,那么一个非物质的东西会有位置吗

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

So, this is known as dualism because the claim is, for humans at least, there are two separate things; there's our material bodies and there's our immaterial minds.

这便是二元论,因为它主张,至少对于人类而言,存在两种独立的成分,即有形的生理客体与无形的心理

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

Are there things that need to be explained that we could explain if we posited the existence of a soul, an immaterial object, above and beyond the body?

有没有这样的事物,只有假定灵魂,这种凌驾于肉体之上的,非物质实体存在,才能对其进行解释

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

Certainly most people in America believe in some sort of immaterial soul.

当然，在美国，大多数人,相信一些无形的灵魂。

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

I know very little about how immaterial objects are supposed to work.

我压根就对,非物质的东西如何运作没什么概念

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

I believe the attempts to establish the existence of a soul, an immaterial object, the house of consciousness separate and distinct from the body, I think those arguments fail.

我认为,无论是试图证明,灵魂作为一种非物质的东西,而存在,还是证明心灵,这个意识的处所,独立于肉体,我认为这些论证都不成立

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

If the very idea of soul that we're working with here under the dualist picture is the soul as an immaterial substance, it's not made of ordinary atomic matter.

如果关于我们正在讨论的,观点是建立在二元论的基础上,即灵魂是非物质实体,它并非由一般的原子物质组成

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

Life requires something immaterial above and beyond matter to explain it.

还需要借助某些,非物质的,高于并超于物质的东西,来对生命进行解释

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

There must be something extra, something immaterial about us, the soul.

必定存在某些额外的东西,某些非物质,比如灵魂

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

Is there a good reason to add the soul, something immaterial?"

有没有很好的理由再加上,灵魂之类的非物质实体

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

That approach pretty clearly isn't going to work for souls, because a soul--and again, we've got in mind this metaphysical view, according to which it's something immaterial-- isn't something we see.

但这种方法显然不能用来证明灵魂的存在,因为灵魂,我再一次说明,从这种形而上学的角度来看,灵魂是非物质实体,我们看不到它

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

Am I a body end in immaterial soul?

肉体死后会不会有无形的灵魂？

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

There are no immaterial objects like that.

没有这样的非物质实体存在

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

It's immaterial and can't be destroyed.

它是非物质的,不会被毁灭

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

We need to posit the soul, something immaterial that survives the death of the body, that can leave the body, go up to heaven; though, as it happens in these cases, the tie is never completely broken.

我们需要假设灵魂,某种非物质的,能在肉体死后还存在的东西,能离开肉体,升入天堂,尽管,正如在这些例子里发生的,它们之间的联系从未完全破裂

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

So unlike those modern dualists who think we need to appeal to something immaterial in order to explain bodily sensations, Socrates thinks no, no, the body takes care of all the bodily sensations, all the desirings and the wantings and the emotions and the feelings and the cravings.

而现代的二元论者,认为需要用非物质的东西,来解释肉体上的感觉,但苏格拉底不这么想,他认为肉体负责所有的肉体上的感觉,所有的欲望,需求,感情,感觉和渴望

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

Crucial point, of course, the attraction of the dualist view, from our point of view, is that if there's a soul as well as the body, and the soul is something immaterial, then when the body dies, when we have B1 through Bn and the death of the body occurs.

当然,至关重要的一点,二元论观点的引人之处在于,就我们而言,如果肉体与灵魂同时存在,而且如果灵魂是非物质,那么当肉体死亡的时候,就像之前的B1到Bn的过程,直到肉体死亡

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选