"So for example, dietary fats also actually, in many cases, improve HDL cholesterol, the good cholesterol, compared to carbohydrates, and they actually lower triglycerides, a type of blood lipid which is associated with harm."

VOA: standard.2010.03.25

Often it's a salt called phosphocholine and so you get a phospholipid that's made of choline and two lipid chains.

它通常是一种叫磷酸胆碱的盐,这样你就得到了一种,由胆碱和两条脂肪链构成的磷脂

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

It has to be small, and it has to be lipid soluble in order for it to pass through a cell membrane.

这些分子必须非常小,而且必须是脂溶性的,才能穿过细胞膜

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

I mentioned a little bit that this membrane is not just lipid bilayer but there's also proteins that are inserted into the membrane.

我之前说过,这层膜不仅仅是一层脂质双分子层,而是有很多蛋白质嵌插在膜上的

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

I've already mentioned many times that the lipid bilayer, the cell membrane, isn't just a lipid bilayer.

我已经讲过很多遍这个脂质双分子层了,细胞膜它不只是一个脂质双分子层

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

If a cell membrane was indeed just a lipid bilayer, then glucose could never enter the cell because it can't permeate through cell membranes.

如果细胞膜只是一个脂质双分子层的话,葡萄糖就不可能进入细胞,因为它不能渗透过细胞膜

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The lipids will form a bi-layer where the water soluble part of the lipid points out of this layer and the oily part points in.

脂质会形成双层膜,水溶性部分朝向膜层外,而脂溶性的部分朝向双层膜内部

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

This is another example of a second messenger, the inositol lipid pathway.

这是另一个第二信使的例子,磷酸肌醇信号通路

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

We'll see why they have to separate that in a minute, but they do that these lipid bi-layers solve that problem for them and they're self-assembled structures from these molecules called phospholipids.

我们马上会讲到为什么要把它们隔离开,脂质双层膜解决了这个问题,而这些自主装结构,就是由磷脂分子组成的

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

There are different kinds of cell walls in bacteria but they have a rigid cell wall and our cells don't have a rigid cell wall, we have a fluid lipid like cell wall.

细菌有不同种类的细胞壁,但都很坚固,人类细胞没有坚固的细胞壁,我们有一层类似细胞壁的流动的脂类

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选