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The celebrations took place outside the ancient Church of the Nativity, where tradition says Jesus was born.
VOA: standard.2009.12.25
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It's fitting that the first poem of Milton's that we study in this class is "On the Morning of Christ's Nativity."
这节课我们首先学弥尔顿的,《圣诞清晨歌》是很合适的“
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The nativity of Christ, as you can imagine, was a popular subject for early seventeenth-century poets for pious early seventeenth-century poets.
基督诞生，你可以想象，对17世纪的诗人来说是很受欢迎的主题,特别是那些虔诚的17世纪的诗人。
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The Nativity Ode is continually presenting the speaker with temptations, with incitements to sin that need to be purged from the speaker's poetic voice.
圣诞清晨歌》继续呈现给诗歌发言者一些诱惑，对罪孽的激励需要,诗歌语言发言者来净化。
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And under this title, "On the Morning of Christ's Nativity," appears as you can see from your text -- appears the subtitle, "composed 1629."
你们可以看到在《圣诞清晨歌》,的标题下有个副标题“作于1629“
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The second section runs from stanzas nine through seventeen, and it characterizes the song that the heavenly choir sings at the moment of the Nativity.
第二部分从第九行到第十七行，这一部分展示了基督降生时天国的唱诗班,唱了一首什么样的歌。
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With this first poem treating the subject of the nativity of Christ, Milton is able implicitly to announce something like his own nativity as a poet.
因为它的主题是基督诞生，弥尔顿能够含蓄的宣告一些东西,比如他作为一个诗人从此诞生了。
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When in 1645 Milton finally publishes that first volume of poetry, the first poem that he places in this volume is the Nativity Ode, our poem today.
当1645年出版了首个诗集，他把《圣诞清晨歌》放在最前面，就是我们今天看到的这首诗。
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First, in the first eight stanzas you have Milton describing the scene of the Nativity and the effect that the birth of this new infant has on the natural world.
第一部分，前八行,弥尔顿描述了基督降生的景象,还有这个新生婴儿对现实世界的影响。
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With the scene of the flight of the pagan gods at the nativity of Christ Milton is also depicting a scenario that, I think, on some level he's hoping will occur within himself.
在《圣诞清晨歌》中有一个无宗教信仰的人逃跑的画面,我认为弥尔顿同时也在描绘一个剧情，某种程度上他希望这样的事情也会发生在自己身上。
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The poem on the morning of Christ's nativity serves as Milton's preparation for something greater than itself.
圣诞清晨歌》这首诗,在弥尔顿准备阶段起到一个比诗本身要大的作用。
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You know that Milton had been entertaining this fantasy of becoming a great biblical prophet like Isaiah as early as the Nativity Ode.
大家都知道,弥尔顿早在里就玩弄过这种,假装成恪守的先知的把戏。
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The focus of the Nativity Ode isn't even really on the Incarnation that's the theological doctrine of divinity's descent into humanity, how God becomes a mortal.
圣诞清晨歌》的重点不在化身上,也就是神的血统转换成人的这一神学教义，上帝是怎么成为凡人的。
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What Milton is primarily interested in in his Nativity Ode is the redemption, the promise of what Christ's Nativity will do at some future point for mankind.
弥尔顿在基督诞生颂歌里最感兴趣的是,救赎，基督诞生后在将来,在将来能为人类做些什么。
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as we've seen, establishing a fiction that works to place himself at the scene of a nativity that obviously occurs 1600 years and change before his own birth.
我们也看到了，他创建了一个虚构的景象,把自己放进了基督诞生的幻景中,而这些比他出生早1600年发生并不断在改变。
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You may remember that I had suggested in the lecture on the Nativity Ode that Milton may have thought of his career as if it were something like a race.
你们可能记得我在的演说中,曾经设想的，弥尔顿或许把他的职业,看作无休止的竞赛与追逐。
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But there's an important and, I think, a very real sense in which Milton wanted to make it seem as if the Nativity Ode were the first poem that he had written.
但我有种非常强烈的感觉,弥尔顿好像还是想让人觉得,《圣诞清晨歌》才是他的第一首诗。
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So Milton implies to Diodati that he isn't yet up to the task of epic, but as he describes the Nativity Ode that he's just written, it's almost as if he considers it something of a mini-epic.
所以弥尔顿暗示迪奥达蒂自己还不能完成创作史诗的任务，但他提到了他刚写完的《圣诞清晨歌》,好像这就是一篇迷你史诗。
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There's also an important and, I think, a very real sense in which Milton wanted to make it seem and obviously this is a much more difficult feat wanted to make it seem as if the Nativity Ode were the first poem that anyone had written.
我还有一种强烈的感觉,弥尔顿想让人觉得,显然这很困难,想使《圣诞清晨歌》看上去像,任何一个人写的第一首诗。
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Milton naturally wrote his friend letters in impeccable Latin verse, and this one he seems to have composed almost immediately after having written, having completed,the Nativity Ode.
弥尔顿用毫无瑕疵的拉丁文很自然的给朋友写信，而且这首诗,是在弥尔顿一写完《圣诞清晨歌》,就拿去排版的。
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But before he can actually be made present at the actual event of the Nativity, he has to endure something painful and obviously momentous: "from out his secret Altar toucht with hallow'd fire."
但是要想真正能在,基督降生时出现，他不得不忍受一些痛苦，而且是巨大的痛苦：,“从神秘的祭坛外碰到圣火“
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And this is exquisitely visible to us in the Nativity Ode.
这在《圣诞清晨歌》里可以很清楚的看出来。
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The Nativity for Milton is purely an anticipatory event.
圣诞清晨歌》这首诗对米尔顿来说就是一个预言。
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Christ, whose Nativity Milton is honoring, is still just a baby.
弥尔顿所尊敬的基督还只是个婴儿。
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For next time, make sure that you will have read at the very least Milton's great poem, and he wrote it when he was only twenty-one years old, "The Ode on Christ's Nativity."
下一讲，同学们至少要读完,弥尔顿的一首伟大诗作，他写这首诗时才21岁，《基督降生颂歌》
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But we'll be focusing on what we call "The Nativity Ode."
但我们会重点讲解,《降生颂歌》
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From Milton's first major poem, the Nativity Ode.
他第一首重要诗作《降生颂歌》中看出来。
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Milton clearly wants us to know that this Nativity Ode was written by a young Londoner in 1629, but it's a poem that is at the same time deliverable to the infant Christ by some extraordinary violation, of course, of all of the established laws of temporal sequence.
显然弥尔顿想让我们了解这首《圣诞清晨歌》,是在1629由一位伦敦年轻人写的，但是它同时也是一首,通过非同寻常的方法能够交到圣婴手里的诗，当然这就需要他违反现有的一系列法律。
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