So, empathy, caring, sympathy don't kick in, but instead there's the aggression unleashed at somebody and there has to be some level of surprise.

所以移情，关怀，同情没有发挥作用，反而是释放了别人的侵略情绪,还必须在一定程度上出人意料。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选