So either a potassium cyanide or sodium cyanide, these are used in synthesis in terms of making carbon-carbon bonds.

因此无论是氰化钾还是氰化钠，都被用来在合成过程中,制造碳碳键。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, in order to fill our octet, what we do is put two on the nitrogen and two on the carbon.

因此，为了填满我们的“八隅体“,我们需要将两个放到氮上，将另外两个放到碳上。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

It's phosphate, carbon, carbon, carbon, phosphate, carbon, carbon, carbon, phosphate and it has this structure hanging off the side.

就是磷酸基与戊糖的碳反复连接,如此循环往复,这种结构构成了主链的一边

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And since carbon's electronegativity is higher than that of hydrogen, which you would expect from where carbon lies on the Periodic Table. Think about it.

碳的高于氢的,你也可以从碳在，元素周期表上的位置,判断出来，试想一下。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

The word "carbohydrate," as you might imagine, if you ever thought to break it down means the combination of carbon and water.

碳水化合物这个词,如你所想,如果你把它进行拆分的话,就是碳和水的结合物

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Maybe you don't even know what this-- do you all know what carbon paper-- I guess you do know what this is, right?

或许你们甚至都不知道这是什么东西-,你们都知道复写纸吗-,我猜你们都知道这是什么，对吧？

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Again, leaving aside the science, about which I'm sure some of you know more than me here, the issue of carbon emissions is a Prisoners' Dilemma.

抛开科学层面来说,我相信在座的一些同学比我知道的还多,碳排放问题也是个囚徒困境

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So why don't you go ahead and identify the correct electron configuration for carbon, 6 and I'll tell you that z is equal to 6 here.

所以你们为什么不开始,而且识别碳的正确的在你们做作业方面,电子构型，我会告诉你有效电荷量是。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, shared electrons are the ones that are shared between the carbon and the nitrogen, so we have 6 shared electrons, and we want to take 1/2 of that.

共用电子是那些在碳和氮之间,被它们共用的电子，那么我们有六个共用电子，然后我们要给它乘上二分之一。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So let's take the case of acetylene where we have two carbon atoms that are going to be triple bonded to each other, each are bonded to a carbon and then to one hydrogen.

让我们来看一看乙炔的例子,我们有两个碳原子,成三键，每个碳和一个碳一个氢相连。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

This blue chain here goes from 5' carbon all along the chain and there's a 3' carbon left open at the bottom.

这条蓝色的链,从5'碳开始一直向下延伸,以3'碳做为链的末端

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So carbon 12. We know that it has the proton number, by definition, is 6. And the neutron number, 6 from 12 is 6. So it has 6 protons and 6 neutrons.

所以碳12，我们知道它有质子数，根据定义，那就是6，而电子数，12减6等于6，所以它有6个中子。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

For the carbon, we start with 4 valence electrons, we have 0 lone pair electrons minus 4, and we end up with a formal charge of 0.

对于碳，我们从四个价电子开始，我们有零个孤对电子，再减去四，最终我们有零个形式电荷。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

The other chain is facing in the other direction, the 3' carbon is up, the 5' carbon is down.

对面的那条单链方向相反,3'位的碳原子向上,5'位的碳原子向下

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So in terms of the first step of skeletal structure, this is actually going to be easier because we don't have a central atom, we just have carbon and nitrogen here.

对于第一步画出骨架，其实比刚才更容易,因为我们没有一个中心原子，我们这里只有碳和氮两个原子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

We know that ionization energy is going to increase as we go across the periodic table, so that means carbon has a lower ionization energy than nitrogen which is right next to us.

我们知道电离能会随着周期表,向右而逐渐变大，因此碳的电离能比旁边的氮要低一些,那么就像我说的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选