The goldsmith might also write notes promising so much gold and not promising the return of any particular item of gold.

这个金匠会写下票据,保证归还一定数量的金子,但是不保证归还某个特定的金器

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

He would regard elections as merely exacerbating the tendency to demagoguery where each person seeking office plays shamelessly to the mob promising all manner of things that they know they will not and cannot deliver.

他会视选举不过就是,加剧煽动行为的倾向,每一位寻求官位的人,都会无耻地沦为盗贼,承诺所有他们明知压根儿无法,及不能兑现的政治支票。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选