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We are talking about probability, but what we're saying is that most probable radius is further away from the nucleus.
我们说的是概率，也就是说它的最可能半径,离原子核更远。
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And then the potential energy, the energy is stored here due to the coulombic force of attraction between the electron and the nucleus.
然后说势能,位能其实就是,由电子和原子核之间的库仑引力而形成的能量。
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So the probability of having an electron at the nucleus in terms of probability per volume is very, very high.
在单位体积内发现,一个电子的概率非常非常大。
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One of the most obvious things about a red blood cell is it doesn't have nucleus, it has no nucleus.
红细胞最为明显的不同就是,它是无核的,它没有细胞核
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And that's essentially what we saw people have more nucleus accumbens activation priority choice " they are more likely to choose that stock.
这就是我们得到的结果,在作出选择时，受试者的伏隔核活动越多,他们就越有可能选择“股票。
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Because what it tells is that we can figure out exactly what the radius of an electron and a nucleus are in a hydrogen atom.
我们可以,准确的算出,氢原子中,电子。
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So I will take into account it that there is some contribution of both the nucleus and the electron.
所以我将考虑,那是原子核与电子,共同作用的结果。
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So, what we're looking at here is the force when we have two charged particles, one positive one negative -- here, the nucleus and an electron.
我们现在研究的是,一正一负俩个带电粒子之间的,作用力-在这里。
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But luckily for us, there's a classical equation of motion that will, in fact, describe how the electron and nucleus change position or change their radius as a function of time.
但幸运的是，有一个,经典方程描述了电子和核子,位置或者它们直接的距离是,如何随时间变化的。
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But what's important is not where that most probable radius is when we're talking about the z effective it feels, what's more important is how close the electron actually can get the nucleus.
但重要的不是,最可能半径,当我们谈论它感到的有效电荷量的时候，更重要的是,电子实际上。
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How far you are away from the nucleus in terms of a radius, they don't depend at all on those two angles, theta they're independent of theta phi and they're independent of phi.
只和离核子的距离，也就是半径有关，它们和,另外两个角度无关，它们不决定于,也不决定于。
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So if you have some charge in the nucleus, but you also have repulsion with another electron, the net attractive charge that a given electron going to feel is actually less than that total charge in the nucleus.
所以如果在原子核中，有一些电荷但是你也有来自，另一个电子的排斥力,那么一个给定电子的,吸引电荷感觉到的事实上,小于原子核中的总电荷。
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So, if I kind of circle where the probability gets somewhat substantial here, you can see we're much closer to the nucleus at the s orbital than we are for the p, then when we are for the d.
我把概率,很大的地方圈出来，你们可以看到在ｓ轨道上,比ｐ轨道更接近原子核，最远是ｄ轨道。
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So if you think of a shell, you can actually just think of an egg shell, that's probably the easiest way to think of it, where the yolk, if you really maybe make it a lot smaller might be the nucleus.
可以把它想成，个蛋壳，这也许是，最简单的思考办法,蛋黄如果，缩小非常多倍的话,就可以想象成核子。
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So what this means is that unlike s orbitals, they don't have the exact same shape at any radius from the nucleus.
这意味着和ｓ轨道不同，它们在离原子核不同距离处的形状不是完全一样的。
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I said what hold the bonds together, what holds two atoms together is the attractive force we have between each electron and the other nucleus.
我说过什么将它们结合在一起，将两个原子结合在一起的是一个吸引力,其中一个原子中的电子与另一个原子中的原子核之间。
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Because we know as we go to infinity, even though the density gets smaller and smaller and smaller, we still have electron density very far away from the nucleus.
因为我们知道即使到了无穷远处，尽管电子密度会变得非常非常非常小，但我们仍然有一定的电子密度，无论离原子核多远。
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The bacterium doesn't have a nucleus, and in fact, they don't have very well formed organelles in general.
细菌没有细胞核,实际上,细菌没有完善的细胞器
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Again we have the charge of the nucleus on plus 2, +2 but let's say this time the electron now is going to be very, very close to the nucleus.
对于我们的氦原子，我们有一次得到了原子核电荷量为,但是我们说这次电子。
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So even if we strip an atom of all of its electrons, we still have that same amount of positive charge in the nucleus.
所以即使把一个原子的所有电子都拿走,原子核还是带那么多的正电。
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That is why we don't worry about the motion of the nucleus 1 because the ratio of mass is about 2,000 to one.
这就解释了为什么我们不担心,原子核运动起来,因为原子核和电子的质量比约为2000：
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So, essentially we're just breaking it up into two parts that can be separated, and the part that is only dealing with the radius, so it's only a function of the radius of the electron from the nucleus.
所以本质上我们把它写成,两个可分离的部分，这部分，只与半径有关，它仅仅是，电子,到核子距离的函数。
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And so the other thing that we consider is the nucleus as being stationary.
接下来我们讲的是,原子核是静止的。
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So where we had left off with was we'd fully discussed up to the point of considering homonuclear diatomic molecules, so molecules that both have the same nucleus.
我们上次,讲到了我们,已经讨论过同核双原子分子，也就是有相同原子和的分子。
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So, the size still for an s orbital is larger than for a d orbital, but what we say is that an s electron can actually penetrate closer to the nucleus.
轨道的尺寸比,ｐ轨道还是要大，但我们说的是ｓ轨道可以,穿透到更接近原子核的地方。
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We're going to be looking at the solutions to the Schrodinger equation for a hydrogen atom, and specifically we'll be looking at the binding energy of the electron to the nucleus.
我们将研究下氢原子薛定谔方程的解,特别是电子和核子的结合能,我们将研究这部分。
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What I just spent many lectures discussing is the fact that we can not know how far away an electron is from the nucleus, so we can't actually know the radius of a certain atom.
我花了这么多课时所讨论的正是我们,不可能知道电子离原子核有多远这一事实，因此我们不可能知道某个原子的半径。
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