The most common cause of this condition is spanning tree loops.
出现上面情况，大多是由于生成树环引起的。
There might be a disaster in a large scale switching LAN without spanning tree protocol.
如果没有生成树协议，可能会给网络带来灾难性后果。
Study on the Problem of Constrained Minimum Spanning Tree.
约束最小生成树问题研究。
A root bridge is elected as the root of the spanning-tree topology.
生成树拓扑内的网桥共同选举出根网桥。
What if the spanning-tree mode was different?
如果生成树模式不同会怎样？
What if the spanning-tree mode was different?
如果生成树模式不同会怎样？
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