Things get a little trickier when we query an abstract class.
当我们查询抽象类时，事情变得有些复杂。
Notice that an abstract class is denoted by italicized text, as are abstract methods.
注意，抽象类和抽象方法用斜体表示。
Create an abstract class named BP3Form by extending org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm.
通过扩展org . apache . struts. action . ActionForm创建一个名为BP3Form的抽象类。
You can declare standard and abstract methods in an abstract class, as shown in Listing 5.
可以在抽象类中声明标准和抽象方法，如清单5所示。
In this case, we use an abstract class to define the service specification, as shown in Figure 5.
在这种情况下，我们使用一个抽象类来定义服务规范，如图5所示。
However, you may inherit from an abstract class.
然而，你可以继承一个抽象类。
Well, an abstract class can have functions that are implemented.
抽象类中的函数可以有具体实现。
Well, an abstract class can have non-static variables, and an interface can't.
抽象类可以有非静态变量，而接口不可以有。
The top level object is the Order, an abstract class that is inherited by FoodOrder and BoxOrder.
顶层对象是Order，是FoodOrder和BoxOrder继承的一个抽象类。
However, unlike an abstract class, a mixin does not try to contain the framework for a child.
然而，与抽象类不同的是，mixin并不试图包括子类的框架。
ValidationRule is an abstract class for a rule engine used to validate and format ViewController field content.
ValidationRule是规则引擎的抽象类，用来验证并格式化ViewController字段内容。
A FieldEditor is an abstract class that represents a value that can be modified by a user from a Preferences page.
FieldEditor是一个抽象类，表示用户可以在Preferences页面修改的值。
This indicates that the BankAccount class is an abstract class and the withdrawal method is an abstract operation.
这表示，BankAccount类是一个抽象类，而withdrawal方法是抽象的操作。
BaseBridge, an abstract class, will contain all of the methods that you could conceivably implement in your connector.
BaseBridge是一个抽象类，包含在连接器中可能要实现的所有方法。
In the later framework, MD5 is defined as an abstract class which can be extended, but its implementation is not trivial.
在Silverlight 2的框架中，MD 5被定义为抽象类，可对其进行扩展，但实现起来非常繁琐。
A child class that extends an abstract class must implement all abstract methods in its parent or itself be declared abstract.
继承抽象类的子类必须实现在其父类或自身中声明为抽象的所有抽象方法。
Binding is now an abstract class representing a binding between two Property instances (typically associated with two objects).
Binding目前已经成为一个表示两个Property实例之间绑定关系的抽象类(通常关联着两个对象)。
Members marked as abstract, or included in an abstract class, must be implemented by classes that derive from the abstract class.
标记为抽象或包含在抽象类中的成员必须通过从抽象类派生的类来实现。
In this case, we use an abstract class to define the service interface and operations of the exposed capabilities, as shown in Figure 3.
在这种情况下，我们使用一个抽象的类，来定义服务接口以及预期功能的操作，如图3所示。
Field is an abstract class that defines methods to contain various UI controls, along with associated IDs to identify those controls globally.
Field是一个抽象类，它定义了包含各种用户界面控件的方法，还有全局地识别这些控件的相关ID。
When an abstract class inherits a virtual method from a base class, the abstract class can override the virtual method with an abstract method.
当抽象类从基类继承虚方法时，抽象类可以使用抽象方法重写该虚方法。
Selects VC 6.0 as software development; tools, according to virtual instrument idea, each instrument category is designed as an abstract class.
以VC 6.0为软件开发工具，利用虚拟仪器的设计思想，将各类测试仪器设计成各个抽象类。
The key to Joda's internals — and at the heart of its design — is the chronology (the notion of which is captured by an abstract class of the same name).
Joda 本质 —以及其设计核心 —的关键就是年表（它的含义由一个同名抽象类捕捉）。
Typically this is implemented by having an abstract class that has a static create method that returns a concrete object implementing the abstract class.
这种模式的典型实现方式是创建一个抽象类，其中具有静态方法create，这个方法返回的是实现了这个抽象类的一个具体对象。
Both the client and service handlers must sign outgoing and verify incoming messages, so an abstract class, SignHandler, will provide the common code.
客户端处理程序和服务处理程序都必须签署传出消息并验证传入消息，这样，抽象类SignHandler就将提供通用代码。
You can modify an existing class, pass it as a parameter, and take advantage of the API without requiring the base API to declare an abstract class or interface.
您可以修改已有类，将它作为参数传递，并利用API，而不需要基础 API声明一个抽象类或接口。
Because this specification includes a behavioral protocol, we model it using an abstract class that defines the roles (properties) involved in the service protocol.
由于该规范包括行为协议，所以使用一个对服务协议中涉及到的角色(属性)进行定义的抽象类来进行建模。
And, as you may have noticed, we could have achieved the same effect as the code in Listings 1-3 by using an abstract class (abstract classes are described in Chapter 6).
而且，正如你可能注意到的，我们可以通过使用抽象类获得与清单1 - 3代码同样的效果(抽象类是在第6章中描述的)。
Offering both an interface and an abstract class is redundant, but I find it convenient: in most cases, I only need the abstract class, but the interface enables multiple inheritance.
同时提供接口和抽象类是多余的，但我发现这样很方便：在大多数情况下，我只需要抽象类，但接口支持多继承性。
In Listing 6, I take the duplicated code in Listing 4 and reduce the duplication by using the Pull up method refactoring - extracting behavior from a larger method into an abstract class method.
在清单6中，我用了清单4中的重复代码，使用了PullUpMethod重构来降低重复度—将行为从较大方法提取到一个抽象类方法中。
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