The new penalties were aimed at dampening down consumer spending.
新的惩罚措施旨在抑制消费者支出。
In 1992, the industry's gross output was estimated to be $3.5 trillion, over 12 per cent of all consumer spending.
1992年，工业总产值估计为3.5万亿美元，超过所有消费开支的12%。
Only around half of consumer spending is taxed at the standard VAT rate of 20%, a low share compared with other rich countries.
只有大约一半的消费者支出按20%的标准增值税税率纳税，这一比例与其他富裕国家相比较低。
There is no chance that will change anytime soon, even if the government creates a better social safety net and successfully encourages greater consumer spending.
即使政府创造了一个更好的社会保障体系，并成功地鼓励更多的消费支出，这种情况也不可能在短期内改变。
Many policy makers insist that consumer spending is a strong economic catalyst and, therefore, a paucity of retail stores is a contributing factor to low-performing economies.
许多政策制定者坚持认为，消费者支出是一个强大的经济催化剂，因此，零售商店稀缺是经济表现不佳的一个促成因素。
Consumer spending has increased.
消费性开支有了增长。
That will dampen consumer spending.
这将抑制消费者支出。
And consumer spending has gone along merrily.
而且消费支出一路欣愉上涨。
German consumer spending has been broadly flat.
德国消费支出大体一向平稳。
Consumer spending is supported by rising incomes.
消费者支出可通过增长的收入获得支撑。
Stronger consumer spending would also boost profits.
强劲的消费支出也能促进利润增长。
Consumer spending is up and the trade deficit is down.
消费开支上升而贸易赤字下降。
But consumer spending has nearly quadrupled since 2000.
但消费开支自2000年以来几乎翻了两番。
Confidence surveys are unreliable predictors of consumer spending.
信心指数的调查并不是消费开支的可靠预测数据。
Will consumer spending be affected by a cooler housing market?
降温的房市是否会影响消费？
Two decades ago, consumer spending accounted for 58% of Asia's GDP.
二十年前，消费者支出占亚洲GDP的58%。
There will be knock-on effects for employment and consumer spending.
同时，还会对就业和消费者支出产生间接影响。
And consumer spending, after years of resilience, has finally cracked.
在经历数年快速恢复后，消费支出最终崩盘了。
The DPJ wants to boost consumer spending by reducing taxes and fees.
同时，社民党还希望通过减税以及降低某些行业收费来促进国内消费。
Deflation drives up real debt burdens, further sapping consumer spending.
通货紧缩提高实际债务负担，进一步削弱消费者的支出能力。
As consumer spending has slumped, the external imbalances have shrivelled.
随着消费者支出下降，外部失衡已经消褪。
The least harmful taxes were on firms’ profits or on consumer spending.
因为对公司的利润或者消费者的消费纳税造成的危害最小。
That, in turn, should prop up construction spending andboost consumer spending.
这足以支持建筑支出和消费支出。
High energy costs hurt consumer spending and narrowed corporate profit margins.
高能源消费水平严重打击了消费需求和企业利润。
With jobs plentiful and wages rising, consumer spending is unlikely to collapse.
由于工作机会丰富和工资正在上涨，消费者消费不太可能崩溃。
Two other features in the economy also held down pay, and hence consumer spending.
经济大的其他两个特征也使得工资水平下行，进而消费者支出随之下降。
Two other features in the economy also held down pay, and hence consumer spending.
经济大的其他两个特征也使得工资水平下行，进而消费者支出随之下降。
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