Some of the worst abuses in securitisation stemmed from the use of credit ratings.
证券化一些最严重的错弊起源于信贷评级的使用。
The decline in credit ratings has been remorseless over the past couple of decades.
信用评级已在过去的几十年里无情地下降。
Investors depend on credit ratings, given municipal borrowers' lack of transparency.
如果市政贷款人缺乏透明性，那么投资者可以依赖信用评级机构。
Brazil, Indonesia, Turkey and Peru have all had their credit ratings upgraded this year.
今年，巴西、印尼、土耳其以及秘鲁的信用等级均得到了提高。
Two American icons, General Electric and Berkshire Hathaway, lost their triple-A credit ratings.
通用电气、伯克希尔哈撒韦，这两个美利坚的象征已经失去自己的三A评级。
Credit ratings agencies may not have taken drought issues into account at the level that they should.
信用评级机构可能还没来得及在他们应该的时候将干旱问题作为考虑因素。
Buyers with below average credit ratings found it increasingly hard to borrow to buy cars, new or used.
信用等级不够的消费者借钱卖车越来越难，不管是新车还是二手的。
Most investors were happy to buy products such as CDOs because they trusted the value of credit ratings.
多数投资者曾很乐于购买CDO等产品，因为他们信任信用评级的价值。
In the past five years universities in Britain, Japan, Spain and Canada have also asked for credit ratings.
过去五年里，英国、日本、西班牙和加拿大的大学也开始申请贷款。
A key criticism is that the issuers themselves must pay the credit ratings agencies to rate their securities.
对信用评级流程抨击的一个关键点是必须由发行人付费给信用评级机构请其为自己的有价证券进行评级。
The EFSF will issue bonds that are ultimately backed by the credit ratings of the 17-member nations of the euro zone.
EFSF将发行债券，支撑这些债券发行的是欧元区17个成员国的信贷评级。
That's well above the typical corporate bond rate, but these are companies that have less than stellar credit ratings.
这在典型企业债券收益率之上，但这些企业的信用级别都在Stellar以下。
With luck they would have met their pledge to protect Britain's credit ratings and avert a steep rise in interest rates.
如果幸运的话，他们他们有可能实现诺言保护好大英信用等级，避开利率的大幅度上调。
A large number of these securities received the highest credit ratings, including AAA, but proved to be anything but safe.
此前一大批住房抵押贷款支持证券都获得了包括AAA的最高信用评级，虽然事实证明并非如此。
But the commission backed away from recommending an outright ban on providing credit ratings for countries seeking a bail-out.
但是欧盟委员会避开了建议对寻求援助的国家进行信用评级的禁令。
Batch applications are responsible for business services like calculating credit ratings, applying interest calculations, and so on.
批处理应用程序负责业务服务，如计算信用评级、应用利息计算等。
Citigroup currently enjoys high credit ratings, keeping its borrowing costs low, in large part because of its diverse business model.
当前花旗还拥有较高的信用评级，因而借贷成本较低，这多半应归功于公司业务的多元化。
Rules governing the fixed income securities that banks and institutional investors can hold, and in what amounts, rely on credit ratings.
规定银行及机构投资者可持有以及持有多少固定收益证券的法规条例依赖于相应证券的信用评级。
Nokia's performance in the increasingly crowded smartphone market is putting pressure on its credit ratings, Fitch ratings said in a report today.
惠誉在今天发布的报告中称，诺基亚在高端智能手机市场的表现已经给它的信用评级带来了压力。
As the number of defaults falls in the boom, borrowers' credit ratings improve, assets are highly valued and lenders accept a broader range of them.
由于繁荣期不偿债数量减少，借方信誉就上升了，资产价值高，贷方借贷条件放宽。
Since then, Banks have grown more sensitive about showing high levels of debt and risk, worried that their stocks and credit ratings could be punished.
在那之后，银行对于显露高负债和高风险水平更加敏感，担心自身股票和信用评级因此受损。
Another key concern with the credit ratings process centers on a number of credit implosions ratings agencies have largely missed over the past decade.
对信用评级流程的抨击的另一个关切点主要与过去十年中被评级机构所忽略的许多信用大事件有关。
The first is that national bank bail-outs would increase state borrowing relative to GDP, which could raise question-marks over some sovereign credit ratings.
这会带来另一系列的复杂情况。第一个是国有银行纾困会增加国家负债在GDP中的比重，这可能会带来问题-标志着超过了主权信用评级。
Many firms, especially those with weaker credit ratings, have simply been frozen out of the market for derivatives by Banks' reduced willingness to carry risk.
很多公司，特别是信用等级不高的，已经被不愿意承担更多的风险的银行拒之于衍生品市场之外。
Many firms, especially those with weaker credit ratings, have simply been frozen out of the market for derivatives by Banks' reduced willingness to carry risk.
很多公司，特别是信用等级不高的，已经被不愿意承担更多的风险的银行拒之于衍生品市场之外。
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