Founder mutations are a class of disease-causing genetic mutations, each derived from its own ancestral "founder" in whom the mutation originated.
创始者突变是一类引起疾病的基因突变，每一种都源自其自身祖先的“创始者”。
Darwinian theory that explains new species in terms of genetic mutations.
以遗传基因转变来解说新品种的新达尔文理论。
They don't need to acquire any new genetic mutations to become metastatic.
它们不需要通过获得基因突变就具有转移性。
Cancers arise through the accumulation of genetic mutations and epigenetic modifications.
癌症是通过基因突变和后生修改的积累产生的。
"We have known the genetic mutations that cause PKD for over a decade," explained Weimbs.
威母波斯解释道：“我们已经知道导致PKD的基因突变有二十年了。”
They did this by genetically modifying mice to make them prone to passing on genetic mutations.
他们是通过将老鼠基因改造使其更易于传递基因突变达到这个效果的。
For instance, some people have innate genetic mutations which give them exactly the same sort of edge.
举个例子，有些人天生具有某项才能，皆因基因发生了突变。
The typical pancreatic tumor had 63 genetic mutations, while the average brain tumor had 60, they found.
他们发现典型的胰腺肿瘤有63个基因突变，而脑肿瘤平均有60个。
And what they found was that the genetic mutations that the drug targeted were far more common in women.
他们发现的是这种药物针对的的基因突变在女性中更为常见。
Genetic mutations and environmental pressures skew symmetry, and the results have lifelong implications.
基因变异和环境压力破坏了对称，其结果意义深远。
That makes it easy to see when particular genetic mutations happened, and thus to construct a human family tree.
这个特点使得特殊的基因突变发生时比较容易看得出来，于是就可以构建一个人类族谱树状图。
Caution patients that further study is needed to confirm whether the genetic mutations cause Parkinson's disease.
警告患者需进行进一步的研究来确认是否是由于基因突变才导致帕金森病的发生。
Conventional wisdom has it that a normal cell undergoes a number of genetic mutations to eventually become cancerous.
传统认为正常细胞经过一系列的基因突变，最后变成癌性的细胞。
Researchers had previously believed that each parent contributes about 75 genetic mutations — most of them unimportant — to each child.
之前研究人员认为每一个父母会向下遗传大约75组突变基因给他们的孩子——其中的大多数并不重要。
They reached a similar Ro figure, 1.2, when they worked backwards by tracking genetic mutations in the virus since the epidemic originated.
他们通过追踪流感开始以来的病毒基因变化往回推算，得到了近似的R值，1.2。
Throughout the past decade, advances in cancer genome sequencing have revealed cancer cells have very high rates of genetic mutations.
在过去的十年中，癌症基因组测序的进展表明癌细胞具有非常高的基因突变率。
Persistent bugs are different from those that develop antibiotic resistance through genetic mutations, but may be just as much of a problem.
这类持续存在的病原体虽然其本质不同于那些通过基因突变而产生抗药性的病原体，但是它们的存在都是不小的问题。
Neuroblastoma is considered high risk if the tumors have certain genetic mutations or have already spread when the cancer is diagnosed.
所谓高危的视网膜母细胞瘤是指有特定基因突和在初诊时就发现了肿瘤扩散。
These are not the same as permanent genetic mutations but can lead to changes in the number or type of genes expressed in the cloned animal.
跟永久性基因不同的是，克隆动物会导致基因的数量和类型上的变化。
Its ultraviolet rays damage the skin's DNA and can cause genetic mutations that lead to skin cancer, according to the skin cancer Foundation.
根据美国皮肤癌基金会的说法，紫外线会破坏皮肤上的DNA，从而引起能够引发皮肤癌的基因变异。
Last October, the same team published a landmark paper in Science that surveyed all of the genetic mutations in samples of colon and breast tumors.
这个小组去年10月在《科学》杂志发表了一篇有关检测结肠癌和乳腺癌所有基因突变的标志性论文。
That's because a tumor is made up of a hodgepodge of cells containing different genetic mutations, each of which allows it to wreak a different brand of havoc.
因为肿瘤是不同的基因变异细胞组成的混合物，每一个细胞会产生不同的混乱变异。
Making full use of mutant mice as research models requires correct characterization of the phenotypes that result from induced or spontaneous genetic mutations.
要充分利用突变小鼠作为研究模式，则需要诱发突变或自发基因突变之正确基因表现型特征。
Harmful genetic mutations are less likely to appear in large populations where individuals reproduce with random partners due to the wider variety of genetic mutations.
有害的基因突变较少可能出现于大群体中，因为广阔的基因突变种类，他们可以随意地选择同伴进行繁衍。
Harmful genetic mutations are less likely to appear in large populations where individuals reproduce with random partners due to the wider variety of genetic mutations.
有害的基因突变较少可能出现于大群体中，因为广阔的基因突变种类，他们可以随意地选择同伴进行繁衍。
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