It is fear, not reason, that leads us to abandon the state of nature and sue for peace.
与理性不同，恐惧让我们放弃自然状态，转而去寻求和平。
Hobbes' members of a state of nature seem to be in a classic prisoner's dilemma problem.
霍布斯自然状态的命题，看起来像一个经典的囚徒困境。
This is not to say, again, that the state of nature for Hobbes is one of permanent fighting.
这并不是说，霍布斯的自然状态，是一种永恒斗争。
Well, in order to answer that question, it helps to remember what the state of nature is like.
为了回答这个问题，我们可以回想自然状态是什么样的。
It's just that the state of nature that's how the biology would seem to fall out. You want to go on?
那就是自然的状态，是生物学，如何看上去失和，你们想继续吗？
In the reading of literary texts, he guides human beings to return to the ideal state of nature.
在文本阅读中，带领人类实践重返理想自然状态的道路。
You remember, when he talks about the state of nature, he is not talking about an imaginary place.
你们应该记得，他所谈到的自然状态，并不是某个假想的地方。
And you don't have to be too careful or fine about gradations of punishment in the state of nature.
而且在自然状态中，你不必，对实施惩罚的程度太过小心。
The charged objects are of properties exchanging charged or uncharged particles in order to achieve the state of nature.
带电物体有向空间交换带电和不带电的微粒子以达到其中性状态的性质。
But the juicy steak, the nourishing wheat grain, the loyal dog and the affectionate cat never existed in a state of nature.
可是，自然界从来不曾存在鲜美多汁的牛排、营养丰富的麦粒、忠实的宠物狗、以及柔情万种的宠物猫。
The Dongria don't want to leave their mountain, but that doesn't mean they want to be left in an untouched state of nature.
东加里亚空达部落不愿离开他们的大山，但那并不意味着他们希望一直生活在原始而封闭的自然环境中。
Today we're going to continue the state of nature, Hobbes' most famous discovery, his most famous metaphor, his most famous concept.
今天我们要继续讲，自然状态，即霍布斯最著名的发现，即他最著名的隐喻和概念。
Maybe you'll now believe Hobbes if you don't believe me. So the state of nature, it's a state of insecurity, it's a state of conflict.
如果你不相信我的话，你也不一定相信霍布斯,所以自然状态,是一种不安全的状态，是一种矛盾的状态。
Why does it not matter to Rousseau's argument (or so he seems to think) that the state of nature as he describes it never existed?
即使卢梭所说的自然状态并不存在，他的论证(或者，他似乎是抱持这种想法)仍丝毫不为所动，为何如此？
Any kind of interest include nature have tendencies to cry, maybe also contains a kind of in a state of nature in the flash of genius.
任何一种兴趣都包含着天性中有倾向性的呼声，也许还包含着一种处在原始状态中的天才的闪光。
That would be one way of reading that Hobbes seems to, wants us to think about the state of nature as akin to a scientific experiment.
这就是阅读的一个方面，霍布斯似乎，想让我们思考自然状态，就像思考科学实验一样。
Like scholars of jurisprudence lost in a state of nature, corporate-governance gurus are scraping around, trying to formulate new rules.
正如法学学者在原始状态下就迷失了一样，公司管理的头头们也急得抓耳挠腮，尝试去指定新的规则。
This undermines the main point of the idea of a state of nature, which is to distinguish what we bring to society from what we owe to society.
这就动摇了自然状态观念的根基，这种观念把我们带给社会什么与我们应对社会贡献什么区分开来。
It is only in the state of nature, he tells us, that individuals have the right to determine just and unjust, right and wrong for themselves.
他认为，只有在自然社会中，个人才有权力决定，什么是公正，不公正，什么是对什么是错。
In the principle-agent problem with moral hazard, the observation of the state of nature has the same effect with the monitoring of agent's action.
在道德风险问题的委托代理关系中，委托人对代理人行动的监督与对自然状态的观测所起的效果是等价的。
Below we consider a further reason behind Rawls's rejection of the state of nature: it does not adequately allow for impartial judgment and the equality of persons.
下面，我们考察暗藏于罗尔斯拒绝自然状态背后的进一步的原因：它并不足以包容公正的判断和人们之间的平等。
The original position is set forth largely as an alternative to the state of nature and is regarded by Rawls as the appropriate initial situation for a social contract.
初始状态是主要地用来替换自然状态的，并且被罗尔斯当作适合社会契约起点的环境。
He first seemed to concede their point, then zeroed in on what they missed. "the characteristic mark of the 'state of nature,'" Mises wrote, "is irreconcilable conflict."
他一开始似乎向这种观点让步了：“自然状态的特点不可避免的是不可调和的冲突。”
In fact, we can never be fully free of the fear and of the anxiety and uncertainty of the state of nature, even within to some degree of fully constituted civil society.
实际上，我们完全可以，脱离恐惧焦虑和，对自然状态的不确定，甚至在一定程度上可以摆脱完全文明的社会。
Most transformers in the power system at present have not been evaluated sufficiently in terms of economical efficiency, and some of them even run in the state of nature.
目前，系统中的大多数电力变压器开展经济性评估工作的力度还不够，有的甚至还运行在自然状态。
And by a "state of nature" he means, or by a state of war, he means a condition where there is no recognized authority in his language to keep us in awe, no authority to awe us.
而且通过“自然状态，或者通过战争状态，他意在说明一种状态，在他的说法里没有一个被认可的权力，将我们维持在敬畏中，没有权利使我们敬畏。”
And by a "state of nature" he means, or by a state of war, he means a condition where there is no recognized authority in his language to keep us in awe, no authority to awe us.
而且通过“自然状态，或者通过战争状态，他意在说明一种状态，在他的说法里没有一个被认可的权力，将我们维持在敬畏中，没有权利使我们敬畏。”
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