With a cylindrical lens focusing the pulsed laser, a high spatial resolution photoacoustic detection of proteins in polyacrylamide gel is demonstrated.

The meniscus lens 202 May be manufactured from, e. g., BK7, B270, SF10, SF57 or F2 glass, sapphire, plastic, acrylic, silicone, epoxy, or any other suitable material capable.

Then, with the obtained PC microcavity structure serving as a mold, a hot embossing process is applied to finally achieve a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) MLA.