People who buy homes and the Banks who give them mortgages are no different, in principle, than investors in the stock market, commodity speculators or shop owners.
2
换一句话说,如果有人买房子却还不起贷款,这个欠款将由纳税人们来填平。
In other words, if somebody buys a house and doesn't pay back the mortgage, taxpayers have to make up the difference.
3
当然可以有些例外——如抵押贷款买房子——但是总的来说,如果你能保持收支平衡就能避免各种麻烦。
There are some exceptions — like getting a mortgage to buy a house — but generally if you can live within your means you will avoid all sorts of problems.