Torrential rains have resulted in flooding and landslides. And contaminated water supplies threaten to lead to a surge in cholera cases and other waterborne illnesses.

It is suggested that acidizing treatment and titration should be appended to SY 5093 92 to determine the substitution degree of CMC produced with water-medium method.

Among the many waterborne disease-causing viruses are hepatitis a and norwalk; the pathogenic protozoa include cryptosporidium entamoeba and giardia.