About 40 per cent of infertile men have varicoceles, many more than in the general population, though the link to infertility is not universally accepted by specialists.

Among them, "32 cases of varicocele ligation on the analysis of male infertility, " The Best Paper Award.

In the past, male infertility was generally believed to be caused by varicocele. However, the increased occurrence rate of chronic prostatitis (CP) has become the major cause of male infertility.