输液性静脉炎

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Infusion phlebitis
关键词：输液性静脉炎；动物模型；评价指标[gap=661]Key words: infusion phlebitis; animal models; evaluation index

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结论肿瘤患者是发生输液性静脉炎的高危人群，可能的高危因素包括女性、体力差、有既往静脉炎史和接受化疗等。
Conclusion Patients with tumor are high risk group of phlebitis, and the possible high risk factors include female gender, poor physical status, history of phlebitis and receiving chemotherapy.
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目的通过建立和应用输液相关性静脉炎护理程序，提高静脉炎护理质量。
Objective To improve the nursing quality of IV-related phlebitis through constructing and applying the nursing processes of intravenous infusion-related phlebitis.
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结果80例老年患者静脉输液时有47例（58.8%）出现渗漏性损伤，21例（26.8%）发生静脉炎。
RESULTS Among the complications after intravenous infusion for 80 elders, leakage injury accounted for 47 cases(58.5%), and phlebitis accounted for 21 cases(26.8%), respectively.

输液性静脉炎
静脉炎患者血管内膜增生，血流缓慢，周围皮肤可呈充血性红斑，有时伴有水肿，以后逐渐消退，充血被色素沉着代替，红斑转变为褐色[1]。少数患者可有发冷、发热、疼痛肿胀等反应。静脉炎通常高发于四肢，其次是胸腹壁，少数呈游走性发作。临床特点为：沿静脉走行突然发生红肿、灼热、疼痛或压痛，出现条索状物或硬结。急性期后，条索状物变硬，局部皮肤色素沉着。检查患肢，沿受累静脉走向可触及条索状硬物，有压痛。周围皮肤可出现充血性红斑，色素沉着，伴有瘙痒，皮肤呈黑褐色。

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