Methods The adhesive capabilities were analysed and discussed by measuring their kinetic viscosities, solidification time and the reaction with calcium ions.

Artificially softened water is exceedingly corrosive because the process substitutes sodium ions for magnesium and calcium ions.

In the ear, calcium may play a role in causing damage to hair cells (specialized cells that sense sound vibrations) and the nerve cells that connect the hair cells to the hearing centers of the brain.