首先，本文分析了影响产业多样化、专业化以及城市规模的因素。

First, the paper analyzed the factors which affect the industrial specialization, diversification, and city size.

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电子巨头们习惯于产业多样化和垂直结合：他们觉得卖掉分公司就好像是斩去了一条胳膊。

Electronics giants are used to being diversified and vertically integrated: they regard selling a subsidiary as akin to amputating an arm.

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研究发现，影响产业多样化、专业化的主要因素有要素禀赋、需求偏好、规模经济、外部性、运输成本等。

We found that the factors which affect the industrial specialization and diversification are factor endowment, demand preferences, economies of scale, externalities, transport costs, and so on.

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