As early as the time of Edward I (1272-1307) the idea of judicial consistency can be seen in contemporary writings but this is not the same thing as binding precedent.

早在爱德华一世时期(1272 - 1307)，司法一致性的理念就可以在当时的作品中看到，但是这与有约束力的先例并不是一回事。

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The Junger decision is not a binding precedent in the Goldstein case, which goes on next week.

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But last week, an appeals court upheld the ruling on new grounds that didn't set such a binding precedent.

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"The European Parliament's opinion is not binding, and if the Commission complies with the negative opinion, it sets a dangerous precedent for the powers of the Commission in the future, " said an EU official who asked not to be identified.

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