This model synthesizes the effect of distortion, energy accumulation, and loading history to damage-failure of prestressed concrete member, thus may be applied to different earthquake patterns.

该模型综合了变形、能量累积以及荷载历程对预应力混凝土构件损伤-破坏的影响，对不同的地震模式有更好的适用性。

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So, if the distortion effect does not show up in higher prices of goods and services, where does it show up?

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The geodetic effect is caused by a distortion that the Earth's mass makes in the fabric of space.

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