Health care-associated infections have long been established as the biggest cause of avoidable harm and unnecessary death in the health systems of high income countries.

长期以来，卫生保健相关感染一直是高收入国家卫生体系中存在的可避免伤害以及出现不必要死亡的最大原因。

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What is the main cause of avoidable harm to patients?

可避免患者损伤的主要原因是什么？

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The U. s. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says avoidable behaviors like cigarette use, poor diet and lack of exercise are the underlying cause of half of the deaths in the United States.

美国疾病预防控制中心表示，美国有一半的死亡是受到吸烟、不合理饮食以及缺乏运动等行为的潜在影响，而这些行为都是可以避免的。

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Collins says lack of nutrients is the cause of 3.5 million avoidable deaths annually and the greatest cause of poverty.

FORBES: Seeing the Business Opportunity in Malnutrition

Smoking - the leading cause of avoidable deaths - is now twice as common among groups in lower socio-economic groups.

BBC: Why are we so unhealthy?

Andrew Husband, principle lecturer in pharmacy at the University of Sunderland and lead on the Gateshead study said allergies were a significant cause of avoidable adverse drug reactions among hospital in-patients each year.

BBC: Patients should be asked about allergies on admission