"Functional equivalence" and "cultural equivalence" both emphasize on the function of translation, but cultural equivalence lays stress on retaining the cultural color of the SC.
文化对等与功能对等都强调“功能”的对等，但文化对等更重视保持原文的文化特色。
English metaphor can be reproduced in Chinese by literal translation, literal translation with annotation, image transformation and free translation for formal, functional or cultural equivalence.
在翻译成汉语时，可采用直译，直译加注，形象转换及意译等处理方法，以求得在功能、形式、文化上的等同。
As for functional equivalence, suggestions are put forward from the perspectives of cultural adjustment and aesthetic equivalence.
功能对等方面，作者提出了文化调节和美学对等的建议；
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