"The results of the analysis are consistent with previous estimations, but are more empirically based," said James Raich, an Iowa State ecologist and co-author of the 1992 review.

“分析结果符合以前的估计，但是主要是以经验为基础。”爱荷华州生态学家、1992年评审的合著者詹姆斯·赖斯(James Raich)说。

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That said, a creed, by definition, is not empirically based.

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It calls for drug policies based on methods empirically proven to reduce crime and promote economic and social development.

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We have been trying to manage our economy based on outdated and empirically unproven assumptions.

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