For a long time, we applied widely the strip mining to reduce the ground surface movement and deformation and to protect the buildings and the facilities.
长期以来在这一地区广泛地应用条带开采来保护地表建筑物及设施。
Based on stochastic medium model, The formulas have been derived for predicting ground surface movement and deformation due to near-surface tunnel excavation.
本文应用随机介质模型，导出近地表表土及风化层中开挖圆形隧道引起地表移动及变形的有关预计公式。
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