And the way in which this is reconciled for a bank is ultimately, say the Reserve bank of Australia can provide liquidity, has a lender of the last resort role.

对银行来说这种情况最终可通过类似澳大利亚储备银行这样的“最后贷款人”提供流动资金来调节。

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Acting as lender of last resort, the Austrian central bank increased the money supply by 20% virtually overnight.

作为最终贷款人，奥地利中央银行几乎在一夜之间将货币供应量提高了20%。

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The EU lacks a lender of last resort, an institution with virtually unlimited resources to guarantee the survival of the euro.

欧盟没有一家最后贷款行，即没有一家拥有几乎无限资源、可以确保欧元存续的机构。

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The central bank -- supposed to be the lender of the last resort -- became the lender of first and only resort!

WSJ: Nouriel Roubini Says Nationalizing the Banks Is the Market-Friendly Solution

"As one of the chief architects of the AIG bailout, Secretary Geithner was in a position to do what any lender of the last resort would do -- negotiate concessions from AIG, " he said in a press release.

CNN: When did Geithner know about AIG bonuses?

The communication difficulties between the UK Treasury, the FSA and the Bank of England during the Northern Rock crisis in 2007 illustrated some of the problems that can occur when there is incomplete co-ordination between the lender of last resort and the bank supervisor.

FORBES: Euro Area Banking Union: Should Bank Supervision and Monetary Policy Be Separated?